Opinion
Does Tarique Rahman have the moral standing to preach democratic values?
On January 4, 2024, the AFP published a report based on its interview with Tarique Rahman, acting chairman of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), where he claimed Bangladesh’s 12th National Parliamentary Election to be “sham”.
But, does Tarique Rahman have the moral standing to preach democratic values?
The same AFP report states that six years back, Tarique Rahman was convicted in absentia of planning a deadly grenade attack on a campaign rally of Bangladesh Awami League attended by the then Opposition Leader Sheikh Hasina. The grenade attack on August 21, 2004 killed Ivy Rahman and 23 others of the party. The report also adds that Tarique Rahman rejects the verdict convicting him of the crime.
Read: Disrupting democracy: BNP-Jamaat's tactics of violence and chaos
According to media reports, the grenade attack was executed through “abuse of state power” [“‘State-backed crime’ punished,” The Daily Star]. “The specialised deadly Arges grenades that are used in wars were blasted at the Awami League’s central office on 23 Bangabandhu Avenue in broad daylight with the help of the then state machinery,” said the judge of Speedy Trial Tribunal-1 while delivering the verdict on October 10, 2018.
Quoting witness Abdur Rashid, the court said accused Sheikh Farid, Hannan, Abu Taher, Tajuddin and the witness himself went to Hawa Bhaban, known to be the alternative centre of power, in Banani in mid-August of 2004 on a microbus; a little later, Tarique showed up.
They were assured of all kinds of administrative support in the meeting when Tarique told them to carry out the plan, according to the verdict.
Read: Tarique Rahman’s call of deciding fate of the country on the streets an ‘instigation for violence,’ rights activists and minority leaders say
It is unfortunate that BNP is led by a fugitive like Tarique Rahman. A person with such moral standing, or lack thereof, would not have a political career in the Global North. Regrettably, in our country, he does. If BNP, under the influence of individuals like Tarique Rahman, continues its divisive politics, exacerbating tension between different segments of society, people will reject its politics.
Political parties have the right to protest peacefully against any government. However, that does not mean that political parties are given license to commit violence and jeopardize peace and prosperity of the nation. Tarique’s call for “insurrection” in a previous interview openly challenged the law and order situation in Bangladesh – breakdown of which would cause human and economic losses.
His role in Bangladeshi politics has been a subject of criticism. Some critics have pointed to various aspects of his career and actions that have raised concerns and cast a shadow over his credibility. One significant criticism revolves around allegations of corruption and abuse of power. Tarique faces multiple charges, including extortion and corruption that led to his arrest in 2007 during the last caretaker government’s tenure. Another point of criticism is his involvement in orchestrating violence and unrest for political gains. BNP, under his influence, has been associated with political instability and violent protests, which have negatively impacted the social and economic fabric of Bangladesh. The use of force and intimidation tactics to achieve political objectives raises questions about the commitment to democratic values and the rule of law.
Read: Renewed attempts to absolve Tarique Rahman from his role in Aug 21 grenade attack?
Moreover, his absence from the country raises doubts about his dedication to participating in the political process within the established norms and frameworks.
The AFP report also says “last year the BNP mounted huge rallies, industrial strikes and road blockades that brought the capital to a standstill.” Of course, BNP has a considerable number of supporters. But that does not mean that it “brought the capital to a standstill.” Every political party has the right to demonstrate against the government. But they do not have the right to vandalize public and private property. Burning people in arson attacks, killing law enforcers, cutting rail tracks and causing derailments cannot be politics.
The writer is former chairman of National Human Rights Commission, Bangladesh. Views expressed are his own.
Benapole Express tragedy reminiscent of 2013-2014 violence, raises serious concerns about their impact on democratic process
Since October 29, 2023, Bangladesh has witnessed an alarming surge in deliberate arson attacks on public transportation, a disturbing trend initiated during the Bangladesh Nationalist Party’s (BNP) campaign of hartals and blockades. These acts, vehemently opposing the 12th parliamentary election, echo the tactics used prior to the 2014 election, creating widespread public fear.
The citizens of Bangladesh have unequivocally condemned these violent disruptions, which threaten the very core of the nation’s democratic fabric. The past couple of months have been marred by a series of tragic events, culminating in the loss of numerous lives across the country.
A particularly heartbreaking incident occurred on the night of January 5, 2024, when the Benapole Express train was set ablaze in Gopibagh, Dhaka. This catastrophic event claimed four lives, including children. The gravity of this tragedy underscores the urgent need for a united front against the escalating violence engulfing Bangladesh.
In the wake of the Benapole Express burning, our hearts go out to the victims and their grieving families. This recent spike in politically motivated violence, particularly the targeted attacks on civilians, represents not only a distressing development but a stark deviation from Bangladesh's democratic ideals.
The arson attack on the Benapole Express is a grim reminder of the deteriorating political climate that has intensified since late 2023. It's crucial to recognize that using violence as a political tool fundamentally contradicts the essence of democratic expression.
The recurrence of such tactics by political factions, reminiscent of the 2013-2014 period, raises serious concerns about their impact on democratic processes and national stability.
During these turbulent times, political leaders must demonstrate unwavering commitment to the democratic principles they claim to uphold. Resorting to violence endangers lives and erodes public trust in political leadership. Citizens deserve a political arena where ideas and ideologies are debated through peaceful means.
We call on all political parties to unequivocally condemn these violent acts and focus on constructive dialogue. Prioritizing a peaceful, inclusive electoral process is in the nation's best interest, fostering an environment where political views can be expressed freely and without fear of retribution.
Law enforcement must intensify efforts to investigate and bring to justice those responsible for these heinous acts, ensuring they face the full extent of the law. Maintaining peace and order is crucial for the nation's prosperity, and any attempt to disrupt the democratic process through violence must be swiftly and justly addressed.
As Bangladeshi citizens, we must unite against forces seeking to undermine our democracy. In times of political turmoil, it is our collective solidarity and determination that will guide us to a brighter future. Let's reject violence and work together to build a society that cherishes democracy, tolerance, and the well-being of all its members.
The writer is a Professor at the Department of Public Administration, University of Rajshahi. Views expressed are the writer’s own.
Niko Corruption: How a deal facilitated by Tarique’s cronies cost Bangladesh over $1.06 billion
Imagine for a second that a country has floated an open tender inviting foreign companies to bid for a gas field exploration in joint partnership with a state-run company. An intense competition among global bidders takes place and an evaluation by international experts ranks these competitors. But with a change in government, the least qualified bidder ends up getting the contract. A bribery scheme of the least qualified bidder manages to buy allegiance of those closely connected to the son of the prime minister. The company is granted rights to explore a new gas field by classifying it as an abandoned gas field. When the company starts drilling work, two massive blowouts occur. Those blowouts that happened in 2005 are still having a devastating impact on local peoples’ livelihoods and have eventually cost the country over $1.06 billion. It all happened during the tenure of the then BNP-Jamaat government.
Niko Corruption: Bribes to loyalists again brings Tarique’s influence to the fore
“My power is fifty percent, I’m the friend of Tarique Rahman.” This is what Giasuddin Al Mamon, friend and business associate of Tarique, told investigators of Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) regarding his role in facilitating contracts to Niko.
Contracts for sensitive work such as gas exploration were granted to Niko, which flouted rules with bribes – in the form of cash, expensive SUV, and lavish foreign trips. The money trail was tracked down by investigators from RCMP and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), exposing an intricate and complex web.
Court allows 3 foreigners to testify against Khaleda in Niko graft case
A recent hearing – from December 11-15 – at World Bank’s International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) regarding the infamous Niko corruption issue – put the spotlight back on the blatant abuse of state power and influence to offer gas exploration work to the Canadian company in exchange of bribes to influential people linked with the then BNP-led government, including those loyal to Tarique Rahman.
What is the Niko Deal?
In 1997, Niko entered Bangladesh during the second round Production Sharing Contract bidding for oil and gas exploration. But with just 10 years’ experience in the field, the firm failed to qualify in the bid both on technical and financial grounds. While Sheikh Hasina was in power, Niko was unable to acquire any interest in any gas field in Bangladesh. But in 2001, with the return of the BNP-Jamaat regime, Niko resorted to bribery and established a corrupt scheme by enlisting consultants and lobbyists with close connection to Hawa Bhaban and Tarique Rahman. With the assistance of Giasuddin Al Mamoon, close friend and business partner of Tarique Rahman, Niko managed to get contracts in Bangladesh through the use of political clout and abuse of power.
Niko graft case: Court frames charges against Khaleda
As testified by former FBI Special Agent Debra Bragg (formerly Debra LaPrevotte Griffith), Niko sought the Chhatak East gas field through a joint venture agreement (JVA). Niko entered into a consultancy agreement with Stratum, a company headed by Qasim Sharif, who later became president of Niko’s Bangladesh chapter. Niko agreed to give US$ 4 million to Stratum within 15 days of signing of the JVA. Qasim Sharif then entered into an arrangement with Selim Bhuiyan (former president of Dhaka Club). Niko documents show that it paid Selim for arranging meetings with government officials at Bapex, Petrobangla and the energy ministry. Selim admitted before a Dhaka court that he took the money and paid Giasuddin Al Mamoon.
Selim gave Tk 1.8 crore to Mamoon. “Mr Mamoon told me that he was taking the lion’s share of the money as Tarique Rahman was with him,” Selim said in a confessional statement.
According to government documents, the JVA deal with Niko, signed on October 16, 2003, was vetted by the then law ministry and approved by the then prime minister Khaleda Zia.
To illustrate the extent of bribery, the FBI agent, in her statement mentioned that the then Law Minister Moudud Ahmed’s wife purchased a $400,000 home in the United States. Moudud Ahmed’s government salary during this time frame was approximately $9,500 per year.
As the FBI and RCMP evidence shows, the corrupt syndicate linked to Tarique Rahman thus handed over the Chhatak gas field to the incompetent Niko in exchange of bribes.
The cost Bangladesh paid
When Niko started drilling the Chhatak field, it caused two massive blowouts – first in January 2005 and the second in June 2005 – due to its “faulty and negligent operation.” The gas field was completely destroyed and gas escaped from the field for years. This caused serious health issues for the local population as well as environmental damage to the surrounding areas. Eighteen years down the line, the residents of the area surrounding Tengratila gas field in Sunamganj are still reeling from the adverse effects of the blow-outs. International experts have estimated the loss and damage from the blowouts to be over $1.06 billion.
The writer is an Ekushey Padak-winning journalist and researcher. Views expressed are the writer’s own.
‘Nobel laureate not being tried in this court; he is being tried as chairman of Grameen Telecom’
In a landmark legal decision that has captured public attention both at home and around the world, Dr. Muhammad Yunus, a Nobel laureate and a towering figure in the world of social entrepreneurship, was sentenced to six months in jail for violating Bangladesh’s labor laws. The intended message: Law spares no one, regardless of their status or achievements.
The case against Dr. Yunus centered around allegations of serious labor law violations within Grameen Telecom, the company he founded. The Third Labor Court in Dhaka, under the leadership of Judge Sheikh Merina Sultana, found that the company had failed to make 67 workers permanent employees as required and did not set up the employees’ participation and welfare funds or pay the mandatory 5 percent of the company’s dividends to the workers.
Dr Yunus describes verdict as 'contrary to all legal precedent and logic'
The legal journey of Dr. Yunus has been fraught with complexities. As the founder of Grameen Bank and a pioneer in microcredit, his contributions to alleviating poverty and supporting small entrepreneurs have been globally recognized. However, his recent legal troubles paint a different picture, one where his corporate practices come into question. The stark contrast between his global accolades and the domestic legal challenges he faces raises important questions about corporate governance and ethical responsibility.
In Bangladesh, a country striving to balance rapid economic growth with social justice, this case reflects the tensions inherent in such a transition. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s government has been known for its focus on serving the people of Bangladesh, notably through initiatives like the universal pension system. This emphasis on inclusive development stands in contrast to the allegations against Yunus, suggesting a disconnect between the ideals of social entrepreneurship and the realities of corporate practice.
Verdict against Dr Yunus an outcome of AL govt’s political vengeance: Ganatantra Mancha
The repercussions of this case extend beyond the borders of Bangladesh. The international community, particularly figures like former US President Barack Obama and former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, have expressed concern over the legal proceedings against Yunus. Their involvement underscores the global dimension of this case and its potential implications for Bangladesh’s image overseas. In response, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina invited international experts to assess the legal proceedings.
The Dhaka court, while reading out the verdict, said, “The defence complimented the accused No 1, Yunus, who is the Nobel-winning international figure for fighting poverty. But Nobel laureate Yunus is not being tried in this court, he is being tried as the chairman of Grameen Telecom. The allegations of violation of labour law have been proven against him.”
Dr Yunus was sentenced by court, AL not responsible for it: Quader
This case also highlights the broader issue of labor rights in the corporate sector. The violations alleged against Grameen Telecom are not just legal transgressions; they represent a failure to uphold the rights and welfare of workers.
The prosecution’s stance, as articulated by lawyer Khurshid Alam Khan, reflects a growing awareness and insistence on adherence to labor laws in Bangladesh. Khan said, “We have been able to prove the allegations… We think business owners will now be cautious. No one is above the law. If the law is violated, action will be taken against him.”
As Dr. Yunus is known to have close connections with political elites in the West, especially in the United States, many think the verdict could negatively impact Bangladesh’s relationship with the US. Foreign Secretary Masud Bin Momen, however, has said relations between Bangladesh and the US would likely not be affected by an issue involving a single individual.
The case raises important questions about the role of prominent individuals in society. The respect and admiration these figures command can often overshadow their corporate practices. This case serves as a reminder that public figures, no matter how celebrated, are subject to the same legal standards as any other citizen. It reinforces the principle that no one is above the law, a cornerstone of any democratic society.
As this story continues to unfold, with appeals and further legal proceedings, it remains a topic of intense debate and interest. It is a narrative that encapsulates the struggles of a developing nation to uphold the rule of law, and balance economic growth with social justice.
Hiren Pandit is a columnist and media development professional. Views expressed are the writer’s own.
Despite political friction, election festivities underway in Bangladesh
In the heart of South Asia, Bangladesh is witnessing festivity despite difficult circumstances as it approaches the parliamentary election scheduled for January 7. This significant political event is attracting attention not only within the nation but also from international observers.
Candidates are leaving no stone unturned in their bid to attract voters. They are tirelessly traversing their constituencies, holding rallies, and engaging in door-to-door campaigns. Their efforts are not limited to just presenting their political manifestos; they are keenly focused on encouraging citizens to actively participate in the electoral process. This intense campaigning is indicative of the vibrant democratic spirit that pervades the nation.
Amidst this electoral enthusiasm, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) has taken a contrary stance. In a significant political maneuver, the BNP has launched a "non-cooperation" movement against the upcoming election. This movement has been marked by a series of strategic actions, including the distribution of leaflets aimed at garnering support for their cause. The BNP's strategy includes urging citizens to halt tax payments and calling on government officials to abstain from performing their election-related duties.
Blockades and hartals enforced by BNP and likeminded opposition parties have been marred by several violent incidents that have raised concerns about public safety. The country has witnessed a series of arson attacks targeting transports, which have resulted in tragic losses. More disturbingly, a rail track sabotage led to a train derailment, causing a fatality. In a particularly heinous act, a train was set on fire, leading to the deaths of four individuals, including a mother and her child. Despite these acts of violence, daily life in Bangladesh has remained largely uninterrupted, and BNP’s blockades and hartals have not succeeded in mobilizing widespread public support.
On the other side of the political spectrum, the ruling Awami League is meticulously preparing for the elections. The party is not only focused on its electoral campaign but is also vigilantly monitoring BNP’s activities, as well as relevant developments in the country and overseas. There is a sense of cautious optimism within the Awami League as they navigate through these turbulent times.
The government, under the leadership of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, has reiterated its commitment to conducting a free and fair election. This commitment is a cornerstone of the government's approach to these elections, emphasizing the importance of ensuring a safe and secure environment for voters. The Prime Minister's assurance aims to instill confidence among the electorate and to uphold the democratic values of the nation.
The political landscape of Bangladesh is a testament to the crucial role played by the people in shaping their political destiny. Political parties are fundamentally accountable to the citizens, and their legitimacy is contingent upon public support. This election season serves as a reminder that political entities must prioritize the welfare of the people over partisan interests. When political actions lead to public distress, it can result in a swift erosion of support.
The democratic process in Bangladesh is characterized by the importance of respecting the political rights of all parties. However, the ultimate decision-making power lies with the people of Bangladesh, and not external forces. Genuine democratic change requires the active and voluntary participation of the citizenry.
The Election Commission of Bangladesh has a pivotal role in ensuring the integrity of the electoral process. Amidst recurring concerns about the organization and management of elections, the Commission has pledged to conduct transparent and fair elections. This commitment is echoed by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, who has expressed her unwavering dedication to facilitating free and fair polls.
The ubiquity of digital platforms has made it increasingly difficult to conceal any malpractices, thus enhancing the transparency of the electoral process. The rise of social media in political discourse has added a new dimension to the democratic process in Bangladesh.
A robust opposition is essential for a healthy democracy. The presence of a strong opposition in the parliament not only ensures a check on the ruling party but also enriches the political discourse. This is particularly relevant in the context of Bangladeshi politics, which boasts a rich history of democratic struggle and resilience.
The political history of Bangladesh is replete with examples of democratic fervor and the pursuit of political ideals. It is the responsibility of the current generation of political leaders to uphold these values and ensure that they are passed on to future generations. The legacy of Bangladesh's political journey is a valuable inheritance that must be preserved and cherished.
As the election day approaches, the atmosphere in Bangladesh is increasingly charged with anticipation. Candidates are engaging with the electorate in innovative ways, leveraging both traditional and digital platforms. The Election Commission is undertaking extensive preparations to ensure a smooth and successful electoral process. These preparations include the deployment of necessary manpower, and reshuffle of law enforcement and administrative officials, to facilitate a peaceful and orderly election.
The significance of the election extends beyond the immediate political outcomes. Elections are a crucial step in Bangladesh's ongoing journey towards progress and stability. The democratic process is an opportunity for the nation to reaffirm its commitment to the principles of liberty and justice.
In a statement that encapsulates the spirit of democracy, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has emphasized the importance of free choice in the electoral process. "You will exercise your right to vote with confidence. Vote for whoever you want, we have no say in that. I will give my vote, I will give it to whoever I want, that is our slogan," she declared. This statement reflects the government's dedication to upholding the democratic right of every citizen to vote according to their conscience.
The upcoming national election in Bangladesh is not just about selecting political representatives; they are a reaffirmation of the country's democratic values. The participation of citizens from all walks of life in the electoral process is a testament to the strength and vitality of Bangladesh's democracy. The festive atmosphere surrounding the election is a celebration of the nation's democratic spirit.
BNP, as a major political entity, faces a critical decision regarding its participation in the election. While the party pursues various strategies to challenge the government, the Awami League is moving forward with determination.
The upcoming parliamentary election in Bangladesh is a crucial moment in the nation's democratic journey. The vibrant electoral atmosphere, characterized by both celebration and contention, reflects the deep-rooted democratic ethos of the Bangladeshi people. As the nation prepares to cast its votes, there is a collective hope that the election will not only be a demonstration of democratic principles but also a step towards a more prosperous and stable future for Bangladesh.
Hiren Pandit is a columnist and media development professional. Views expressed are the writer’s own.
Disrupting democracy: BNP-Jamaat's tactics of violence and chaos
Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and Jamaat-e-Islami’s recent tactics have raised critical questions about their commitment to democratic values. While claiming to champion democracy, their actions, involving arson attacks on buses, train derailment, and violence against law enforcement, starkly contrast with the principles they profess to uphold.
The enforcement of blockades by the opposition has severely impacted the country’s economy, costing billions daily. Surprisingly, these violent schemes are their chosen method to supposedly propel the country towards a brighter future. Alarmingly, this approach has garnered support from certain foreign advocates who appear to defend these acts of terror, overlooking the severe economic and social repercussions.
As Bangladesh grapples with this resurgence of political violence, public safety has been overshadowed by a spate of arson attacks, killings of policemen, and sabotage of railway lines. These actions, aimed to derail the upcoming national election, highlight a concerning trend as BNP and Jamaat join hands.
Read: Deconstructing BNP’s “State Reform” Agenda
In the lead-up to the election, a section of Western media has focused more on the legitimacy of a caretaker government than on the brutality unleashed on the streets since October 28. Their coverage overlooks the poor turnout at blockade rallies and the public’s rejection of BNP-Jamaat’s calls for civil disobedience. Additionally, the leadership crisis within the BNP, particularly the directives of acting chief Tarique Rahman, suggests a preference for street violence over democratic processes.
The opposition’s reliance on foreign advocacy and their actions on October 28 in Dhaka reflect a flawed strategy. BNP’s attempt to present a false advisor to the US President at their party headquarters backfired, revealing a lack of credibility and strategic missteps. These events have not only damaged BNP's political standing but have also placed their foreign supporters in an awkward position.
Read: BNP-Jamaat, made for each other
Despite their decision to boycott the election and organize hartals and blockades, these tactics have largely failed to disrupt the daily lives of citizens. However, the increase in arson attacks has led to immense public suffering, highlighting the party’s disregard for human life and welfare.
On December 10, participating in an event organized to commemorate Human Rights Day, Ruma Akter – widow of police constable Md. Amirul Islam (33), who was killed in a confrontation between law enforcement and BNP leaders and supporters during the opposition party’s grand rally in Dhaka on October 28 – raised a question: “He had left home to perform his professional duties. He was never involved with any political party or activities. Why did BNP-Jamaat men brutally kill him then?”
Read: 4 including child killed as train burnt in Dhaka ahead of hartal
“He (Amirul) had a beautiful family and a daughter. That girl still waits for her father to return. ‘Let’s go and bring abbu home,’ my daughter says,” she added.
With the dwindling size of their rallies and their choice to abstain from democratic processes, BNP faces significant challenges to its long-term viability. In a democracy, elections are the primary means of acquiring political authority. The citizens of Bangladesh seem averse to the opposition's harmful political practices, suggesting a need for the BNP leadership to reassess their approach to maintain relevance in the political landscape.
The writer is a professor of the Department of Public Administration at the University of Rajshahi. Views expressed are the writer's own.
Is Dhaka ready for a Westeros Winter?
Just last week, social media was abuzz with the “grim” possibility of yet another “warm” winter as temperatures were suddenly up due to the influence of Cyclone Michuang which wreaked havoc on neighbouring India.
At the same time, some netizens were discussing whether it was time to start putting on winter clothing which have been neatly tucked away in their closets for almost a year.
As the influence of the cyclone has worn off following a more than 24-hour cold shower, Dhaka streets are seeing commuters in full-on winter clothes this morning, indicating a rather auspicious sign for many: Winter is finally here!
Also read: Winter is coming, vegetable prices will come down: Agri Minister
According to Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), the temperature in the city was recorded at 21 degree Celsius at 11:16 am on Sunday. The met office forecast shows the temperature may hit as low as 18.2 degrees today.
The lowest temperature this morning was recorded at 13.5 degree Celsius in Tetulia, the country’s northernmost upazila.
According to BMD, the night temperature across the country may fall by 1-3 degrees Celsius over the next 24 hours while the day temperature may remain unchanged.
As winter sets in, carts selling seasonal delights like Bhapa Pitha and Chitoi Pitha are popping up on Dhaka’s streets and alleys.
However, amid the quiet celebration which winter brings in a city that usually struggles with unrelenting heatwaves for months, lower temperatures are also a cause of concern for people who are clearly not privileged enough to relish the many delights of winter.
Also read: Country may witness 70% surplus in electricity generation capacity this winter
While commuting to work, this UNB correspondent witnessed the plight of people living on the streets which has been exacerbated by this sudden temperature drop.
While not quite similar to the uncertainties that plague the fantasy realm of Westeros during winter, this winter has brought its own brand of unpredictability for Dhaka residents, particularly in anticipation of the 12th parliamentary election scheduled for January 7.
Sohel Abdullah, a banker in Motijheel, the capital’s financial district, hopes a calm situation will prevail in the coming days.
“Typically, heading to the office on winter mornings is quite draining. But this year, there’s a different vibe. There’s an underlying fear stemming from the political uncertainty shrouding the country, particularly the capital,” Sohel said, referring to the arson attacks and vandalism during the recent blockades enforced by BNP and like-minded opposition parties to realise their demand for the 12th parliamentary election to be held under a nonpartisan government.
“I’m hopeful that the situation will normalize in the coming days and we’ll be able to go to office without any tension,” he added.
Also read: 8 Best Winter Travel destinations in Bangladesh
Reviving the Rickshaw Art through the Lens of Gender-Diverse Communities
What could be a better way to communicate the stories ingrained in our hearts than through paintings? While words can convey emotions to a certain extent, the language of colours and brush strokes is universal. In paintings, meanings are not lost in translation, which is the case for written expressions, as no two languages are equal. They speak through the boldness of colours, and through it, we read their inscribed meanings and the messages they are trying to deliver; for this reason, and the mere fact that one does need the ability to read to comprehend the message inscribed in painting, Rickshaw art over the last five decades proved to be a popular medium of transmitting messages to the general audience. This form of art has declined in recent years, facing competition from digital printing. In the past baby taxis used to be painted as well, however, in contemporary times, baby taxis have been replaced with CNGs, painted in monotonous green, and Rickshaw art has been replaced with revenue-generating posters and advertisements. This recent developments calls into attention greater need for their preservation since urban folk art is a crucial component of Bangladesh's cultural heritage; they not only decorate Dhaka's streets with its robust colours but also engrave precepts to instill positive changes in society.
While Rickshaw art is fading from the streets, the craftmanship of rickshaw painting is also becoming a rarity. But their preservation is crucial as they are an important aspect of urban folk art and are embedded in the public psyche as a conveyor of moral messages. Bearing in mind that such art forms play a key role in the local cultural heritage, the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands organized a five-day art workshop, where contemporary visual artists, alongside artists from gender-diverse communities and Rickshaw painters, narrated untold stories of a marginalized community – the gender diverse community – whose stories unfurl layers of complex identities that most of us are unaware about. The gender-diverse community, dwelling along the margins of society, consist of multiple communities and identities, and the paintings currently on display at Drik capture this plurality. These have been painted, reviving the Rickshaw art form. It is their stories that the ongoing exhibition, "Words from the Heart", showcases.
As I visited the workshop, I was quite enthralled to see people of multiple genders work together under the roof, narrating the tales of their struggles, success, coexistence, and celebration of their beauty. The final products that I witnessed at the exhibition bring to life these narratives. It illustrates various stories of gender-diverse communities, more prominently, their complex sexuality and the challenges they encounter in their day-to-day lives, and some of the paintings call into question our inherent notion of gender, i.e., the way we perceive it in binary. Surovi's painting, 'Supposed to be a Normal Life', paints the multiplicity of transgender identities, the different beliefs manifested within them and their coexistence. Transgender refers to any individual whose gender-related identification or external gender presentation does not align with their birth sex, and the painting shows the evolution of their identity. It discloses that the identity of a transgender person is in the process of becoming. It is not constant or a given like cisgender – people who identify with the behavioural standards associated with a particular biological sex. For instance, a male identifies as being a man.
Soil and water – Asia-Pacific’s bread and butter
Here, in the world’s most populous region, there is a crisis slowly unfolding that involves the earth beneath our feet. The soil that has been producing the food we eat and supporting the livelihoods of hundreds of millions of farmers and others, is under threat.
Often referred to as the "Skin of the Earth," soil acts as a silent steward, supporting the production of 95 percent of the food we eat in this region. It retains water, serves as a habitat for animals, and plays a key role in regulating our climate by storing more carbon than all the world's forests combined. But the ability of our soils to provide these ecosystem services are increasingly threatened due to decades of soil degradation and water scarcity, caused by overuse and misuse.
Soil and water rely on each other, and that’s critical to feed a hungry world. Here, in the Asia-Pacific region, some 90 percent of our freshwater is consumed in agricultural activities alone, considerably more than the 75 percent used by agriculture, on average, worldwide.
Yet, more than three-quarters of the Asia-Pacific population is now grappling with water insecurity. Much of this has been caused by mismanagement of our water and soil resources. Unsustainable practices have exacerbated the situation, contributing to the loss of biodiversity in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and further challenging the resilience of agrifood systems facing extreme weather events. The fact that soils are not a renewable resource makes their preservation an even more urgent matter: it can take up to one thousand years to form one centimetre of soil, and this same centimetre can be destroyed in only a few minutes through careless acts of degradation.
In order to better understanding the close relationship between soil and water, is a critical necessity for countries to work domestically and cross-borders to ensure wider sustainable development in the Asia-Pacific region.
There are answers
While pressure on this soil-water-food nexus is increasing, reversing the degradation is still possible. But we all need to take responsibility. We all need to act. Together, we must promote soil and water management at all levels. We can all do our part by changing habits to preserve fresh water each day. Meantime, policy makers and other stakeholders can collaborate in implementing sustainable soil and water management practices. This involves planning and action to ensure more efficient use of fresh water, promoting sustainable use of fertilizers and pesticides, employing appropriate irrigation methods, including the ways we drain and pump water, and pay more attention to monitoring related data – such as soil and groundwater salinity levels. Indeed, all land users, particularly farmers and smallholders, need training in sustainable soil and water management and that means inclusive access to technology transfer.
Implementing sustainable soil management practices is both possible and crucial for transforming our agrifood systems, making them more resilient to extreme climate events. By doing so, our soils can become richer in carbon and can hold more water, benefiting the interconnected relationship between soil, water, and plants. This not only improves the overall health of the region's environment, but also enhances its ability to mitigate the effects of climate change. Research has found that Asian soils have the capacity to sequester 180 megatonnes of carbon per year, if sustainable high-carbon input soil management practices are adopted.
World Soil Day
Addressing soil degradation requires comprehensive domestic and international efforts involving government policies, research initiatives, and awareness programmes. Initiatives like the Glinka World Soil Award and the King Bhumibol World Soil Day Award, launched by the Government of Thailand, acknowledging the late king's dedication to sustainable soil management and its role in food security and poverty reduction, serve as exemplary models of localized endeavours. These efforts aim to recognize and encourage sustainable soil practices, fostering awareness and responsible management. Indeed, it is why we circle the 5th of December on our calendars each year to mark World Soil Day, to remind everyone of soil’s importance to us all.
Hosted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the Global Soil Partnership, strives to enhance soil governance and promote the practice of sustainable soil management for food security, climate change adaptation and mitigation, and sustainable development.
In a world hungry for solutions, FAO is sowing the seeds of sustainability, emphasizing the importance of understanding, and addressing the complex nexus between soil health, sustainable agriculture, biodiversity conservation, and essential ecosystem services. In doing so, we aim to help countries achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and achieve better production, better nutrition, a better environment and a better life for all.
As we navigate the multiple challenges of recovery from the pandemic, conflicts, and the need for systemic agrifood systems reform, celebrating World Soil Day should extend beyond 5 December, calling for collective action and a daily commitment to safeguard the Earth's lifeline – our soil. It’s literally our bread and butter.
Jong-Jin Kim is the assistant director-general and regional representative for Asia and the Pacific at Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
“The Climate Change Conference is an opportunity – if we all play our part”
A farmer in the Niger whose fields have dried up due to the heat.
A father in Palau who does not know whether his house will still be standing when his children are grown up – or whether the rising sea levels will swallow up his village.
Mayors in Spain, Germany or Lithuania who have to find a way to protect their towns and cities from a water shortage and ever more dangerous floods.
Regardless of which country you look at in the world, one crisis is evident everywhere: the climate crisis.
This crisis is the greatest security challenge of our age. It affects us all – with varying degrees of severity but with the same relentlessness.
What gives me hope is that we have the knowledge, the technology as well as the instruments to contain the climate crisis together. What we need is political will.
In 2015, the international community showed this will and paved the way for a new, climate-neutral world by adopting the Paris Agreement. Almost 170 countries set themselves ambitious climate targets back then. The expansion of renewable energies has accelerated dramatically.
However, when we come together for the Climate Change Conference in Dubai in a few days’ time, we will also know:
We find ourselves in a race against time – and we have been too slow to date.
The forthcoming COP is a huge opportunity to pick up the pace, an opportunity which we should seize together by forming alliances among countries at the forefront of climate action. For in Dubai we will be carrying out the Global Stocktake agreed in Paris for the first time. This will allow us to review our progress towards reaching the targets set in Paris and to determine where we have to step things up.
Germany believes that three points are key here.
First of all, we should hugely ramp up the global energy transition by 2030. For every tonne of CO2 a country emits harms us all. According to the International Panel on Climate Change, we have to work together to decrease global emissions by at least 43% in the course of this decade. Every percentage point reduction in greenhouse gases means fewer droughts, fewer floods and fewer lives lost.
In the EU, we have set a course for climate neutrality by 2050 with the Green Deal. In Germany, we have pledged by law to become climate neutral by 2045.
However, the energy transition is a global task.
That is why we are working to ensure that a joint agreement is reached at COP 28 on tripling renewable energies, doubling energy efficiency and gradually phasing out fossil fuels.
By doing this, we also want to make it clear that the transition towards an energy system largely free of fossil fuels has begun.
Secondly, our best tool for tackling the climate crisis is solidarity. That is why we are standing shoulder to shoulder with those who have played the smallest role in bringing about the climate crisis but are now being hit hardest.
Three years earlier than announced, Germany has increased its annual contribution to climate finance to more than six billion euro from its budget funds. In so doing, we are playing our part in the industrialised countries’ pledge to make available 100 billion euro for climate finance – and we are confident that this pledge will be fulfilled by the end of this year.
We know that the climate crisis is already having effects which can no longer be reversed. That is why we are also pressing ahead with adaptation to climate change and providing special support for developing countries. The contributions of all donors for adaptation should be doubled to 40 billion US dollars by 2025 at the latest. Germany intends to play its part in reaching this target.
At the last Climate Change Conference we agreed to establish a loss and damage fund and we recently fleshed it out in Abu Dhabi. Our task now is to confirm this agreement at COP 28 and to fill the fund with money. To achieve this, it is key that the funds go first and foremost to the most vulnerable states and that all states with the means to do so contribute to the fund. Naturally, this includes the industrialised countries. However, it also includes those states which have earned a lot of money with fossil fuels or have enjoyed high growth rates in the last few years. We all have an obligation.
That is why, thirdly, we want to invest in our partnerships at COP 28. We know that the conditions necessary for a successful energy transition and climate action are different in each country. And that the radical change which the green transformation will entail can only work if it is socially just. We will support our partners to this end.
We can all benefit because every investment in solar panels, in green hydrogen or in heat insulation technologies is an opportunity for growth, new jobs and a secure energy supply. For this reason, we are expanding climate, energy and development partnerships. They will enable both sides to learn from each other and will benefit both sides.
After all, no country should have to decide between development and climate action. Every society has its own path to follow.
It is important that we all have the same goal: a climate-neutral and resilient future in which our children can live in security and prosperity. During the coming days in Dubai, we will have an opportunity to set out on this journey together.
We should seize this opportunity.
Annalena Baerbock is the Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Federal Republic of Germany