Dhaka ranked third on the global list of cities with the worst air quality on Friday morning.

Dhaka’s air quality continued to be in the 'unhealthy' zone with an air quality index (AQI) score of 152 at 9:01 am, according to the Air Quality Index.

An AQI between 101 and 200 is considered 'unhealthy', particularly for sensitive groups.

Also read: Dhaka's air quality 'moderate' this morning

China’s Shanghai and Indonesia’s Jakarta occupied the first two spots on the list, with AQI scores of 161 and 153, respectively.

An AQI between 201 and 300 is said to be 'poor', while a reading of 301 to 400 is considered 'hazardous', posing serious health risks to residents.

In Bangladesh, the AQI is based on five criteria pollutants -- Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5), NO2, CO, SO2 and Ozone.

Also read: Dhaka's air quality 'moderate' this morning

Dhaka has long been grappling with air pollution issues. Its air quality usually turns unhealthy in winter and improves during the monsoon.

Air pollution consistently ranks among the top risk factors for death and disability worldwide. Breathing polluted air has long been recognised as increasing a person’s chances of developing a heart disease, chronic respiratory diseases, lung infections and cancer, according to several studies.

As per the World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution kills an estimated seven million people worldwide every year, largely as a result of increased mortality from stroke, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer and acute respiratory infections.

Also read: Dhaka's air once again world's most polluted this morning