United News of Bangladesh

More than a year after Bangladesh Bank issued the first-ever licences for digital banks, not a single one has begun operations, a major setback for the country’s vision of building a cashless, tech-driven economy. Despite strong demand, widespread mobile connectivity and significant policy ambition, the digital banking initiative — meant to offer 24/7 financial services via mobile apps and online platforms — is in limbo. The central bank’s 2023 approvals were heralded as a landmark reform, but weak institutional preparedness and failure to meet regulatory conditions have brought progress to a standstill. The government’s intent was to empower small businesses and unbanked citizens by enabling branchless, technology-first banks. Yet, the only fully licensed digital bank, Nagad, has failed to launch operations, while nine other shortlisted applicants are still struggling to meet eligibility criteria. Policy Push, Private Sector Response In 2023, Bangladesh Bank received applications from 54 institutions seeking to operate digital banks. After evaluating them against new guidelines, it issued Letters of Intent (LoIs) to 10 firms, including Nagad. Among them, only Nagad received a final licence. However, due to repeated failures to fulfil the central bank’s conditions, its launch remains on hold. Although the regulator gave multiple extensions, Nagad has yet to complete the groundwork for starting operations, and no timeline has been officially declared — leaving the situation uncertain. When asked for an update, Bangladesh Bank Director and Nagad Administrator Mutasim Billah said,“ Nagad is already in the process of starting its activities after receiving the digital bank certificate. A team is working to enter the market.” Other Applicants in Limbo The nine other institutions that received LoIs have also failed to meet the required conditions, casting doubt on their certification. Bangladesh Bank Spokesperson and Executive Director Arif Hossain Khan said the central bank would first assess Nagad’s performance before issuing any further licences: “The activities of the certified bank will be monitored, and based on that, certificates for the next banks will be considered.” Why Digital Banks Matter Experts say digital banks are crucial for financial inclusion and economic growth, especially for small traders, rural communities and the informal sector. Dr Muhammad Abdul Mazid, former Chairman of the National Board of Revenue (NBR), told UNB, “Digital banking services are essential for the growth of the small and informal economy.” Besides, he said, revenue collection would increase significantly if the payment system became fully digital. Many people are paying VAT now, but it’s not deposited into the revenue board. Govt keen to expand digital banking, examine if digital currency could be launched Due to the lack of documentation, Abdul Mazid said, the NBR cannot take action against VAT evasion. A fully digital payment system would automatically deposit VAT into the revenue board’s software, improving transparency, he said. Who's In and Who's Waiting Final Licences Issued: · Nagad Digital Bank (yet to launch) · Kori Digital Bank (LoI issued) · Bank-led Digital Initiatives: · Bank Asia-led Digital Bank · BRAC Bank-led bKash Digital Bank · Digi10 (consortium of 10 private banks) · Pending LoIs: · Smart Digital Bank · Japan Bangla Digital Bank · North East Digital Bank · Regulatory Requirements · Under Bangladesh Bank’s 2023 digital banking framework, applicants must meet several conditions: · Minimum paid-up capital: Tk 125 crore · No branch network (only a registered head office) · Mandatory IPO within five years of licensing Board composition: At least 50% members must have expertise in IT, cybersecurity, or AI Why It Still Matters 1. Financial InclusionWith over 6 crore unbanked adults (35% of the population), digital banks could offer mobile-based services, microloans, and low-cost accounts, especially in rural areas. The existing infrastructure, including 186 million mobile connections, 93 million smartphone users, and bKash’s 350,000-agent network, can be leveraged to bring financial services to the doorstep. 2. Boost to GDP SCB sets new standard in digital banking Digital banking could add 1.7% to GDP (around $6.2 billion annually) by digitising transactions in retail, agriculture and garment sectors. The World Bank estimates that reforms such as interoperable wallets and higher transaction limits could create between 96,000 and 460,000 new jobs in the digital financial services sector. 3. Tech Innovations Digital banks are expected to deploy AI for credit scoring and blockchain for secure, low-cost cross-border payments. The central bank is also exploring Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) that could integrate with digital banking platforms to streamline transactions. 4. Policy Momentum The Smart Bangladesh Vision 2027 aims to shift 75% of all transactions to digital platforms. The Digital Financial Services (DFS) Guidelines 2023 further mandate tech-first governance, including AI-based dispute resolution and robust cybersecurity standards. Roadblocks Cybersecurity Concerns:The $81 million Bangladesh Bank heist in 2016 remains a cautionary tale. Digital banks must invest in biometric verification and AI-driven fraud prevention. Digital Literacy & Access:Only 38.9% internet penetration (2023) and 47% smartphone adoption (2022) pose serious barriers. Public education campaigns are essential. Infrastructure Deficits: Many rural areas suffer from poor internet connectivity. Also, delays in launching platforms like Binimoy — the government’s interoperable digital transaction system — are holding back momentum. Way Forward Experts suggest that hybrid models combining digital banks with mobile financial services (MFS) like bKash could enhance rural reach. Bangladesh can also draw from India’s UPI system and Singapore’s regulatory playbook to build a secure, scalable, and inclusive digital banking ecosystem. Digital banks in Bangladesh hold enormous potential to modernise the economy, improve transparency, and foster inclusion. But without swift regulatory action, capacity building, and infrastructure investment, the promise of a cashless, connected future will remain just that — a promise.

Once unused and overlooked, the lands of Madaripur are now covered in green bamboo, marking a quiet but remarkable return to farming. A green revolution is silently unfolding across this south-central Bangladeshi district, one not of slogans and speeches but of shoots and soil, transforming once infertile terrain into flourishing pockets of prosperity. Fuelled by the soaring demand for bamboo in household use, construction, and the cottage industries, the humble grass has emerged as a symbol of resilience and economic rebirth. Across five upazilas, over 5,000 farmers are reaping the benefits of this verdant transformation, cultivating bamboo on sandy, previously unyielding land—drawn by its low investment needs and promising returns. “This is not just farming—it’s revival,” said Delwar Hossain Khan of Kalikapur village in Sadar upazila. “Bamboo farming requires little capital but offers good profit. That’s why people in rural areas are turning to it,” he said. Promote bamboo as alternative to timber in furniture making: Rizwana Indeed, the math is simple yet compelling. One can plant 60 bamboo saplings per bigha—about 30 decimals—at 14-hand intervals. With nurturing care and judicious fertilisation, new shoots begin to appear within three to four months. Each clump, under proper maintenance, can yield at least 100 mature bamboo stems annually. The transformation is as visual as it is economic. Vast stretches of green now carpet what were once dust-coloured tracts. In 60 unions across the upazilas of Sadar, Shibchar, Kalkini, Dasar and Rajoir, bamboo cultivation is no longer a fringe activity—it is a way of life. Veteran freedom fighter Eskandar Madbor, aged 75 and a resident of Mostafapur, reflected with quiet pride, “From household furniture like chairs, tables, and cupboards to traditional fishing tools and decorative items — bamboo is now everywhere. As demand has gone up, prices have too. One bamboo sells for at least Tk 200 in today’s market.” His words are echoed in the bustling betel leaf plantations of Kalkini, where bamboo forms the backbone of a thriving local economy. Khalilur Rahman of Chorar Airkandi pointed out, “Our upazila alone has 809 betel leaf plantations, each of which is heavily dependent on bamboo. To build a single betel leaf farm at least 233 bamboos are required.” No longer just a building material or a rustic convenience, bamboo has emerged as a multipurpose marvel. Farmers are increasingly abandoning traditional crops in favour of the hardy green stalks, which now serve functions as varied as house posts, garden trellises, and reinforcements for rural road embankments. Sohrab Kazi, another bamboo cultivator from Sadar upazila, shared his gains with a quiet smile,“I earn around Tk 25,000 annually just by selling bamboo.” Not far from him, his neighbour Polash Kazi nodded in agreement. “This year alone, I’ve made Tk 35,000 from bamboo sales.” China, EU, Africa seek green cooperation using bamboo instead of plastic The impact stretches beyond individual farmers. In the heart of Madaripur town, bamboo trader Telam Fakir shared a striking estimate, “At least 1,000 people in Sadar upazila have become self-sufficient through bamboo cultivation.” From a broader perspective, the district’s agricultural landscape is undergoing a tectonic shift. Babu Santosh Chandra, Deputy Director of the Department of Agricultural Extension in Madaripur, confirmed, “Currently, around 10,000 hectares of land are under bamboo cultivation in the district. It’s significantly boosting the financial stability of local farmers.” This tale of green resurgence is not just about economics—it is about empowerment, sustainability and the quiet determination of rural communities reclaiming their soil and futures. With every bamboo shoot that rises from the earth, so too does the hope of a greener, more prosperous Madaripur.    

Despite years of enthusiasm, increasing digital penetration, and a growing pool of young talent, Bangladesh’s start-up ecosystem is yet to take off in a way that matches its potential. Entrepreneurs continue to face major hurdles in their journey from idea to scale, raising concerns about the long-term viability of the sector. In recent years, Bangladesh has witnessed a flurry of activity in the start-up space, especially in fintech, e-commerce, logistics, edtech and healthtech.  Yet, most of these ventures remain stuck in early stages, struggling to scale due to funding gaps, bureaucratic hurdles, lack of infrastructure and a risk-averse investment climate. “There’s no shortage of ideas or energy,” says Sharmin Jahan, co-founder of an early-stage healthtech platform. “But after the first round of funding — mostly from friends or small grants — it’s extremely hard to raise institutional investment. The ecosystem is not yet mature.” Data from the Bangladesh Start-up  Investment Report 2024 shows that while over 1,200 startups have launched in the last decade, only a handful have managed to raise more than $5 million.  Most operate within a fragile framework, surviving month-to-month and struggling to retain talent. Investors cite a lack of market data, inconsistent regulatory frameworks and limited exit options as key reasons for their caution.  “We need more policy stability and stronger startup-friendly reforms,” says Syed Hamidul Islam, a local venture capitalist. “It’s not just about tax breaks — we need easier registration, foreign investment facilitation and better legal protections,” he added. Start-ups also point to a lack of coordinated support. Many rely on accelerator programmes and hackathons for visibility, but complain these often fail to provide long-term mentorship or market access.  While government-backed initiatives like Start-up Bangladesh have provided some capital, critics say the overall pace and scale remain insufficient. Tk 200cr allocated for science research; Tk 100cr for start-ups Another major bottleneck is infrastructure. Poor internet reliability outside major cities, digital payment adoption challenges and the absence of reliable logistics make it difficult for start-ups to operate effectively at a national level. The talent pool, though promising, also suffers from a mismatch. Founders say that while many young professionals are eager, they often lack experience or require significant upskilling to meet startup demands, a task not all founders are equipped to manage. Even then, some remain optimistic. “The ecosystem is still in its adolescence,” says Rubaiyat Tanveer, an ecosystem analyst.  “What we need now is a unified push — from government, private sector, and academia — to create the kind of enabling environment seen in India or Indonesia," he said.  Without significant policy interventions and ecosystem support, Bangladesh’s startup dream risks remaining just that a dream. For now, the promise is there, but the path to real impact and scale remains fraught with challenges. Foreign Funding Dependence Bangladesh’s start-up ecosystem has seen explosive growth over the past decade, expanding from a handful of tech ventures in the early 2010s to more than 2,500 active startups by 2025.  Yet despite this expansion, industry insiders say the sector is still struggling to begin its “big journey” — hampered by overdependence on foreign funding, limited domestic investment, and an underdeveloped support infrastructure. According to the Bangladesh Start-up  Investment Report, total funding raised by startups since 2013 stands at approximately US Dollar 989 million across more than 400 deals.  A staggering 92% of this capital has come from international investors, leaving the ecosystem highly vulnerable to global economic fluctuations and regional competition. “Bangladeshi start-ups have the ideas, energy, and market potential,” said Tanjila Rahman, ecosystem lead at a local accelerator.  “But when international funds slow down — like we’ve seen since 2022 — start-ups can’t survive because the domestic funding pipeline just isn’t strong enough yet,” she said.  After peaking at US Dollar 435 million in 2021, investment into Bangladeshi start-ups plummeted to  US Dollar 72 million in 2023, and only US Dollar 44.5 million was raised in the first half of 2024.  This downturn has forced many early-stage startups to cut operations, delay launches, or shut down entirely. Challenges Beyond Capital Beyond funding, start-ups face other systemic challenges: slow regulatory procedures, lack of access to cross-border payments, digital infrastructure gaps, and a talent pipeline that remains largely unskilled for advanced tech roles.  NCC bank focusing on investment for start-ups, young and women entrepreneurs: MD Many founders also complain about the bureaucratic complexities involved in forming and registering a business or receiving foreign remittances through legal channels. “There is a digital Bangladesh vision, but our policy instruments are still analog,” said Asif Mahmud, co-founder of a Dhaka-based start-up.  “It takes months to process a basic legal compliance document or approve a foreign equity transaction," he said.  Though government-backed initiatives like Startup Bangladesh Ltd. and the iDEA Project under the ICT Division have provided seed funding and grants to select start-ups, industry players say these efforts remain isolated and need to be part of a broader, coordinated national policy. Promise Amid  Pressure  Despite these obstacles, Bangladesh’s startup ecosystem has created an estimated 1.5 million direct and indirect jobs and has improved access to services in sectors like fintech, healthcare, agriculture, logistics, and e-commerce.  Flagship companies like bKash Bangladesh’s only unicorn, demonstrate the potential for global-scale success but remain the exception, not the rule. “bKash was built over years of patient capital, strong governance, and international support,” said Farid Islam, a venture advisor.  “We need that same patience and structure across the board, with local investors stepping in to carry forward the next generation of ventures,” he said.  Startup Bangladesh Ltd. has committed TK 500 crore in funding to develop the next wave of scalable ventures.  Meanwhile, the government has signaled interest in formulating a National Start-up  Policy aiming to foster at least five unicorns by the end of the decade. But without urgent reforms, including smoother registration processes, stronger intellectual property protections, digital infrastructure expansion, and better access to both domestic and global capital, Bangladesh’s start-up sector risks losing its momentum. “The ecosystem is standing on the runway,” said Tanveer Shams, founder of a local logistics start-up. “But without a solid push from within the country, we may never take off. When ShopUp launched in 2016, it identified a specific niche: helping small businesses selling through Facebook—known as f-commerce entrepreneurs—overcome fundamental operational challenges.  On April 9, ShopUp announced a strategic merger with Sary, a Gulf-region B2B marketplace. This union created SILQ Group, a cross-regional B2B commerce platform targeting markets across the Gulf and emerging Asia.  The merger came with substantial financial backing US Dollar 110 million in funding led by Sanabil Investments (a wholly owned subsidiary of Saudi Arabia's US Dollar 925 billion Public Investment Fund) and Peter Thiel's Valar Ventures. Chief of Staff of ShopUp and director of Oleyn.ai Md Ziaul Haque Bhuiyan  told UNB that Bangladeshi startups are showing strong potential, but to attract more foreign investment, they need better governance, clearer financials and most importantly, scalable business models.  "The ecosystem is just getting ready, but it requires sharper positioning and stronger institutional and policy support. Local banks and NBFIs must step up with startup-friendly products, while Bangladesh Bank should facilitate smoother cross-border investment flows," he added.

In the flood-prone northern district of Kurigram, duck farming has emerged as a lifeline for countless small-scale farmers striving for economic stability, but their aspirations are now under threat, as the district’s only government-run duck breeding farm fails to keep pace with an overwhelming surge in demand for ducklings and hatching eggs. Established in 2016 on three acres of land, the farm was launched with the goal of combating poverty through the promotion of backyard duck farming. It currently breeds improved, high-yielding duck varieties, including England’s Khaki Campbell and China’s Jingding, both known for laying 230 to 250 eggs annually -- more than double the output of native breeds. But the actual demand has now soared past 200,000 despite having a production target of 50,000 ducklings per year, according to local farmers. This stark mismatch has sparked growing frustration among those depending on duck farming for their livelihood. After six years of struggling to find a job, Zahid finds success in strawberry farming “Native ducks lay only 80 to 100 eggs a year,” said Nur Islam, a farmer from Jatrapur. “But the Khaki Campbell and Jingding breeds lay 230 to 250. Despite repeated visits, we are not getting ducklings or hatching eggs from the government farm,” Nur said. Farmers face steep financial pressure as ducklings cost just Tk 25 at government facilities but Tk 80-100 in the open market, forcing many to buy at inflated prices and further straining their slim profit margins. Zahid Hossain, a farmer from Mogolbasa, shared his struggle, saying, “I usually collect 250 to 300 ducklings from the farm each year. While rearing improved breeds is profitable, we are unable to expand production due to the supply shortfall.” Adding to the farmers’ woes are allegations of favouritism. Some claim that the farm prioritises select clients, although officials have denied any preferential treatment. ‘Relay Farming’ brings new hope to farmers in Khulna The government farm now maintains 800 layer ducks and 140 drakes. The facility consists of six layer sheds, one growing shed and one brooding shed, far from sufficient to meet the rising demands from Kurigram and neighbouring districts.  

Dhaka, once known for its lush trees and open spaces, is rapidly expanding in its quest to become a modern megacity, but this growth is coming at the cost of its natural environment, causing a sharp decline in greenery and raising serious concerns about the city’s liveability and air quality. While modern amenities like air conditioners are becoming increasingly common in homes and offices, the city’s tree cover, an essential part of the natural ecosystem, is shrinking at an alarming rate. Once known as the ‘City of Gardens’, Dhaka has undergone a massive transformation since 1981. With urban expansion, infrastructural development, and poor environmental governance, the capital has witnessed a staggering depletion of its green canopy, particularly trees. The unplanned growth of the megacity has come at the cost of thousands of trees, intensifying the city’s vulnerability to heat, air pollution, and climate change. According to a 1981 survey by the Urban Development Directorate (UDD), approximately 19% of Dhaka’s land area was covered with tree canopy, parks, and urban green spaces. Dhaka’s air quality better than Kuwait City today Satellite images from the early 1980s indicate that major areas such as Ramna Park, Suhrawardy Udyan, and even residential neighborhoods like Dhanmondi, Mirpur and Uttara had a significant presence of roadside and household trees. In numerical terms, an estimated 170,000 to 200,000 mature trees were documented in the core city area (within the DCC zone at the time). Experts point out that the rate of deforestation in Dhaka is outpacing the speed of modernization. With new buildings, roads, and commercial complexes replacing parks and open spaces, the balance between urban development and environmental sustainability is under threat. “Infrastructure is expanding, but unfortunately, it’s coming at the expense of the environment,” said Dr. Rehana Karim, an environmental scientist. “Trees are being cut down to make space for high-rises and commercial zones. The lack of green cover is already contributing to rising temperatures and poor air quality,” she said. Residents also express concern. “Air conditioners are everywhere now, but they don’t replace the comfort and health benefits of natural shade,” said Tarek Rahman, a resident of Mirpur. “We are losing the very things that made the city livable,” he said. A city Overheating As of 2025, total tree count in Dhaka city stands at fewer than 50,000 mature roadside trees, according to Dhaka North and South City Corporation environmental departments while urban green space has dropped to below 6 percent of the city area. But per capita green space: 0.42 square meters, far below the WHO recommendation of 9 square meters per person. Dhaka’s urban heat island effect has increased average summer temperatures by 2.2°C since 1981 while the unplanned city consistently ranks among the top 5 most polluted cities in terms of PM2.5, partly due to the loss of natural air filters -- trees. Environmental groups are urging the government to implement stricter policies for urban planning that include mandatory green zones and tree plantations. Without immediate action, they warn, Dhaka may face severe ecological consequences, including intensified heatwaves, increased air pollution, and a decline in public health. Deforestation by the Decade As the capital balances growth with sustainability, the challenge remains: can Dhaka modernize without sacrificing nature? From 1981 to 2025, Dhaka’s population grew from 3.4 million to over 23 million, leading to an explosion in construction: 1981–1991: The early signs of rapid urbanization, with tree loss of about 10,000–15,000 due to road expansion and new housing plots. 1991–2001: Accelerated loss during the post-liberalization construction boom; estimates suggest a decline of 25,000–30,000 trees. 2001–2011: With flyover construction (e.g., Mohakhali, Khilgaon) and mass real estate development, nearly 40,000 trees were lost. 2011–2021: Rapid metro rail and expressway development led to the felling of over 50,000 trees, with areas like Uttara, Farmgate, and Shahbagh seeing major loss. 2021–2025: Despite afforestation policies, ongoing construction and weak implementation continue to reduce tree cover. 5,000–8,000 trees lost in just four years. Alarming rise in Air Conditioner use signals heat Once a luxury item reserved for the wealthy, air conditioners (ACs) have now become a near-necessity in Dhaka’s sweltering climate, but experts warn that the explosive growth in AC usage is not just a symptom of rising urban temperatures, it’s also worsening the city’s energy stress, air pollution, and social inequality. According to the Sustainable Energy Authority of Bangladesh (SEAB), AC ownership in Dhaka has more than quadrupled over the past 15 years, jumping from around 150,000 units in 2010 to over 750,000 in 2024. Nearly 1 in every 3 middle-income households in the capital now owns an air conditioner, a number expected to rise as temperatures continue to soar. This surge in cooling demand is directly linked to Dhaka’s urban heat island effect, which has pushed summer temperatures 2.2°C higher on average since 1981, according to the Department of Environment. How to stay cool and safe during a heat wave Cooling for some, heat for all ACs now account for nearly 40% of residential electricity consumption in Dhaka during summer months, straining the national grid and increasing reliance on fossil fuel-based power generation. “While wealthier households cool themselves with ACs, poorer communities suffer from blackouts and suffocating heat,” said Faruk Hossain, an urban rights activist. Slum dwellers and low-income workers remain the most vulnerable. Older AC models release hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) — potent greenhouse gases. Without proper regulation, Dhaka’s cooling boom could undermine the country's climate goals under the Kigali Amendment and Paris Agreement.  “If Dhaka had preserved its trees, parks, and ventilation corridors, people wouldn’t need artificial cooling at this scale,” said Architect Shirin Kabir, a green building expert. “We’re building cities that require machines to make them livable.” Executive Director of Mission Green Bangladesh Ahsan Rony told UNB that reforestation is vital for Dhaka to tackle extreme heat, air pollution and the rapid loss of green spaces. "Reforestation in Dhaka is not just an environmental need—it’s a survival strategy. The city is losing its green cover fast, and with it, clean air, shade, and biodiversity. That’s why I started the Green Volunteer Program through Mission Green Bangladesh—to engage young people directly in greening the city,” he said. The young talent said they organize tree plantation events, run awareness campaigns, and build small urban forests like the one with 55 Kodomtola Initiative. “My goal is to make environmental action accessible, hands-on, and community-driven. I believe every tree we plant today is a promise for a better, healthier Dhaka tomorrow,” he said. Government and NGOs have launched several tree plantation campaigns. Since 2020, over 100,000 saplings have been planted, but less than 30% survive beyond the first year due to lack of maintenance, vandalism or neglect, poor selection of species (non-native or weak-rooted ones).

A sprawling hospital complex stands on the banks of a tranquil delta, its walls echoing with silence where once there was urgency and care. In the heart of Bhola’s 250-bed General Hospital, a state-of-the-art RT-PCR lab lies dormant, while an ICU packed with life-saving technology remains untouched—monuments to a promise unfulfilled. With COVID-19 cases once again creeping into headlines and homes, the islanders of Bhola find themselves adrift, cut off not by water, but by a glaring void in essential health services. The RT-PCR lab, built at a cost of several crore taka in 2020 during the peak of the pandemic, was meant to serve as a critical shield for nearly 22 lakh people living in this coastal district. But for months now, its doors have remained closed, its machines untouched and its purpose abandoned. In its place, only rapid antigen tests are available—simple kits whose reliability pales in comparison to the precision of the RT-PCR method. From June 1 to June 22 this year, just 42 samples were tested through these kits, and none returned positive. Yet, as fevers rise and coughs linger, the people of Bhola grow anxious. Whispers of returning symptoms ripple through the communities and frustration brews. Bagerhat upazila hospitals crippled by lack of Covid test kits amid nationwide spike In towns and villages, residents speak with growing urgency, demanding the lab's revival. Their appeal is not just for technology, but for the right to know, to protect and to act. And yet, the RT-PCR lab is not the only wing of the hospital left in slumber. Tucked within the hospital is a fully furnished Intensive Care Unit—six beds lined with polished metal frames, five ventilators resting beneath their protective covers, seven oxygen concentrators idle, six high-flow nasal cannulas untouched. Built in 2021, it remains unopened to this day. Here too, the reason is stark -- no specialist doctors, no trained ICU nurses. The machinery waits like soldiers without commanders. “We’re watching our loved ones die while treatment tools gather dust,” said a local, adding, “What use are all these machines if no one is here to operate them? They’re wasting away and so are we." The human toll weighs heavily. Critical patients are being sent to distant districts, adding both travel strain and cost to already vulnerable families. Dr Tayebur Rahman, the hospital’s residential medical officer, did not shy away from the truth. “We’re forced to refer the seriously ill to other districts,” he admitted, adding that repeated appeals have been made to higher authorities. Standing in the eye of this silent storm, Dr Sheikh Sufian Rustam, superintendent of the hospital, shared a familiar refrain. “The RT-PCR lab is intact, structurally. But we cannot run it without manpower. We are trying to bring the necessary staff on board,” he said. The numbers offered by the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) paint a sobering picture. Till June 24 this year, 473 people have tested positive for COVID-19, while 19 lives have already been lost. Even as the DGHS issues public health advisories, urging people to remain cautious, there is little sign of widespread compliance. Masks are absent, hands remain unwashed, crowds gather unbothered. In Bhola, where the land meets the sea and communities thrive in resilience, the battle against the invisible virus continues, not just with the disease itself, but with the haunting stillness of healthcare that stands ready, yet unreachable.

As Bangladesh inches closer to its long-anticipated graduation from the Least Developed Country (LDC) category in November 2026, a milestone in its socio-economic journey, concerns are growing that the graduation may not reflect the ground realities of everyday life for millions of Bangladeshis. While international recognition of development progress is a moment of pride, it also brings challenges that expose the country’s persistent structural weaknesses—ranging from overdependence on a single export sector to rising inequality, inflationary pressures, and jobless growth. The existing graduation criteria fail to capture deep-rooted structural challenges afflicting graduating countries like Bangladesh. These include weak industrial bases, low labour and capital productivity, skills shortages, digital divides, and limited readiness for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). A major challenge for Bangladesh will be the loss of International Support Measures (ISMs) upon graduation, according to analysts. These include duty-free quota-free (DFQF) market access under various Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) schemes, waivers under the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), and other forms of aid-for-trade and policy flexibilities. In 2018, the United Nations’ Committee for Development Policy (CDP) first confirmed that Bangladesh met all three criteria for LDC graduation: gross national income (GNI) per capita, human assets, and economic vulnerability. Following a preparatory period and successful reviews, the graduation is set for 2026. Graduation will lead to a gradual phasing out of duty-free, quota-free access to markets in the European Union and other countries—facilities Bangladesh has relied on as an LDC under initiatives like the EU’s Everything But Arms (EBA). Backed by IMF, remittances, Bangladesh’s Forex reserves hit $27.3 billion Despite a rising GNI per capita, many argue that the benefits of growth have not been evenly shared. Officially, Bangladesh reached lower middle-income status in 2015, but around 30% of the population still lives close to the poverty line, vulnerable to economic shocks. A recent report from the General Economics Division (GED) of the Planning Commission noted a paradox: while the economy grows on paper, household income stagnates, and inflation erodes purchasing power. The country’s Gini coefficient—a measure of inequality—has also worsened. While Bangladesh has made significant strides in infrastructure and human development, concerns about governance, transparency, and institutional capacity remain. According to Transparency International Bangladesh (TIB), regulatory weaknesses, bureaucratic inertia, and corruption continue to undermine development efforts. These issues could be more detrimental in the post-graduation phase, when concessional financing and international aid may dwindle. Bangladesh’s vulnerability to climate change, rising debt, and global economic uncertainty further complicates the outlook. In 2024, external shocks—including oil price volatility, falling remittance inflows, and global demand contraction—exposed the fragility of Bangladesh’s economic base. The taka depreciated sharply, and foreign exchange reserves dipped to alarming levels. Graduation from LDC status removes Bangladesh from certain international support mechanisms, including preferential treatment in WTO negotiations and access to climate adaptation funds earmarked for LDCs. Bangladesh's RMG exports to EU reach $8.07 billion in Jan-Apr 2025 The government has adopted a “Smooth Transition Strategy” in collaboration with development partners, which includes efforts to boost export diversification, enhance domestic revenue mobilisation, and improve the business climate. However, stakeholders stress that effective implementation—not just plans on paper—is crucial. LDC graduation in 2026 will mark a historic moment for Bangladesh. But unless the government addresses the disconnect between macroeconomic indicators and people’s lived realities, the promise of prosperity may remain elusive. The path ahead demands inclusive growth, institutional reform, and global cooperation—lest the graduation become a statistic rather than a transformation. Policy Research Institute (PRI) director and eminent economist of the country MA Razzaque while talking to UNB over telephone said that there is risk ahead after the LDC graduation if the country failed to take proper preparation. “Now the question is how much preparation we have taken so far. But if we do not take propoer preparation, we might face other consequences,” he said. He put emphasis on moving for Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with potential countries for improving trade and commerce. “But the basic preparation for this FTA has to be taken is bot seen so far,” he said. In this connection he mentioned about tariff rationalisation like the customs duties to avert future complexities. “We have not announced pur tariff policy so far, Pakistan already implemented their tariff policy and will reduce all tariffs to 9-10 percent,” he said. WCTC 2025: Bloomberg announces $20M to revive global tobacco control Replying to a querry, Razzaque said only the government can answer why Bangladesh till now failed to implement the tariff policy. “There are meetings, talks, but no visible progess,” he said. While his attention was drawn about the three years grace period Bangladesh trying to get for LDC graduation, he questioned with that time extension will Bangladesh be ready? “We are not taking preparations at all right now, we are not ready, revenue collection is not increasing, customs clearance is not wuick,” he said. Responding to a question, he said that after LDC graduation Bangladesh might lost duty free access. “It means if you can not do your trade and conmerce properly, how the common or mass people will get he benefits of this graduation,” he said. He said that mass people will get the benefit if the preparation of the country is done properly. “For that we have to increase out competitiveness, increase export, find out new markets,” he said. He also said that after observing everything there is mothing to become hopeful. “We have lost our opportunity, we have just waste our time,” he added. Bangladesh’s per capita income reached a record $2,820 in the fiscal year 2024–25, marking an $82 increase from $2,738 in 2023–24, according to provisional data released by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) on May 27. In local currency terms, this translates to Tk 339,211, up from Tk 304,102, calculated using an average exchange rate of Tk 120.29 per US dollar, compared to Tk 111.06 previously.

Behind the high walls of countless Dhaka households, an invisible labour force toils day and night -- unrecognised, unregulated and largely unprotected. These are the domestic workers, mostly women, some barely teenagers, who cook, clean, care for children and perform a multitude of chores in private homes. Their contributions, however, remain overlooked in the broader discourse of development and workers' rights. As Bangladesh observed International Domestic Workers' Day on June 16, another year passes without any meaningful recognition or change in the status of domestic workers, despite persistent advocacy by rights activists. A Growing but Vulnerable Workforce Surveys indicate a marked rise in women’s participation in the workforce, with the female labour force participation rate rising from 23.9 per cent in 1999–2000 to 36.3 per cent in 2016–17. In 2011, the Domestic Workers Rights Network (DWRN) estimated that approximately 2 million domestic workers were employed in Bangladesh, many of them young girls from impoverished families. Globally, the scale is staggering. According to estimates, 10.5 million people are paid domestic workers worldwide—around one-quarter the population of Canada. Yet in Bangladesh, these workers earn an average of just USD 15 per month, according to the Bangladesh Institute of Labour Studies (BILS). Begging booms in Dhaka while demand for domestic help remains high An Oxfam study in 2022 revealed that 93 per cent of women domestic workers reported facing harassment at work: ·         67 per cent reported emotional abuse ·         61 per cent faced verbal abuse ·         21 per cent experienced physical abuse ·         No Contracts, No Protection Despite their essential role in maintaining urban households, the vast majority of domestic workers operate outside any formal employment framework. Over 90 per cent work without written contracts, according to BILS. “There are no fixed hours. I start at dawn and work until everyone sleeps,” said Rina, 16, who has been working in a Dhanmondi household since she was 12. “If I get sick or make a mistake, I get shouted at or beaten. There’s no one to complain to,” she said. Abuse Behind Closed Doors Recent incidents have brought renewed attention to the mistreatment of domestic workers. Human rights organisations continue to document cases of physical assault, verbal humiliation, and even sexual violence. Most of these cases go unreported due to fear of reprisal or loss of livelihood. Farzana Akhter, a caseworker at the rights group Ain o Salish Kendra (ASK), said, “We receive regular complaints, especially from young girls who were brought to the city through informal channels. Most are from extremely poor families. Some were promised schooling or better opportunities, but end up trapped in exploitative situations.” Recruitment Through Shadows Many of these young workers are trafficked into cities through unregulated brokers—informal “recruitment agents” or even distant relatives. These middlemen operate in a legal vacuum, pocketing commissions while placing girls into unfamiliar and often unsafe households. “It’s a shadow market,” admitted a former agent, speaking on condition of anonymity. “There’s no legal registration, no government monitoring. It’s just supply and demand. Some girls are passed around like property.” Another domestic help in Dhaka falls to her death In some corners of Dhaka, a few agencies have emerged offering trained domestic workers for higher pay, but these efforts remain limited in scale. Policy in Paper Only In 2015, the government introduced the Domestic Workers Protection and Welfare Policy (DWPWP), which outlined key protections including: ·         Minimum wages ·         Defined working hours ·         Rest periods and holidays ·         Safeguards against abuse ·         Access to legal complaint mechanisms The policy marked a milestone in acknowledging the sector, yet implementation has remained virtually nonexistent. There is still no legal obligation for employers to follow the policy, as domestic work remains outside the purview of the Labour Act 2006. “A standalone policy isn't enough. Without legal binding and enforcement, nothing changes,” said Dr. Nazma Aktar, President of the Awaj Foundation. Rights groups continue to call for domestic work to be formally recognised under labour laws. A Generation in Peril Beyond legal and economic struggles, the unregulated domestic work sector has deeper consequences—especially for children. With limited access to education and support, thousands of girls are pushed into labour at a young age, perpetuating cycles of poverty. Munni, now 14, dropped out of school after class three. “I wanted to be a teacher,” she said softly. “Now I look after other people’s children while mine is with my mother in the village.” 15-year-old domestic help's body recovered from in front of building where she worked; 2 in custody Many children of domestic workers grow up with absent mothers, often in villages or slums, adding layers of emotional strain to the economic hardship. As Bangladesh marches forward in its pursuit of development, the question remains: Whose development? Until domestic workers—who keep millions of households running—are brought into the fold of legal protection and societal respect, the promise of progress will remain painfully incomplete.

As the mango season brings colour and celebration to Chapainawabganj, a quiet struggle hides beneath the festive mood, often going unnoticed. This year’s harvest in Bangladesh’s mango capital is nothing short of abundant. The orchards are heavy with luscious varieties—Khirsapat, Langra, Amrapali, Banana Mango, and the majestic Fazli—while the ever-popular Gopalbhog has already bid farewell for the season. Markets in Kansat, Bholahat, and Rahanpur are awash with activity, drawing traders from Dhaka and beyond, eager to procure the prized fruit. From dawn till dusk, these trading hubs echo with the sounds of bargaining and the rustle of crates being loaded. Mangoes are currently fetching between Tk 600 and Tk 4,000 per maund, depending on their type and quality. Yet this apparently thriving trade belies the frustration brewing in the hearts of local growers. For all its visual splendour, this season has been fraught with challenges. Adverse weather at the beginning, combined with an extended Eid holiday, transport hurdles, and sweltering temperatures, caused several varieties to ripen simultaneously. This glut in supply stifled prices, leaving farmers unable to reap the rewards of their labour. “Even though the yield is better this year, the prices are badly lower than last year,” lamented Abdur Rakib, a seasoned mango grower from the district. “On top of that, the cost of fertilisers, pesticides, irrigation, and labour has gone up, making it difficult for us to break even,” he said. Natore mango season peaks with high yields; prices remain a pleasant surprise Rakib painted a stark comparison, saying, Khirsapat mangoes, which launched the season at Tk 1,500–1,600 per maund, had sold for Tk 2,900–3,000 at the same time last year. “Now that Khirsapat is almost over, the remaining mangoes in the orchards are very few. If prices were high at the beginning, farmers would have benefitted. Even though prices are improving now, there’s not enough mango left to make a profit,” he said. Elsewhere, Fazli mangoes are being sold at Tk 1,200–1,300 per maund, down from last year’s opening rate of Tk 1,500–1,600. Langra, another beloved variety, commands between Tk 1,200 and Tk 1,400—barely half of the Tk 3,000 some fetched just a year ago. Rakib also pointed to the recent rainfall as another cruel twist in the season’s tale. “The mangoes are developing spots and cracks due to the rain. Farmers are being forced to harvest early out of fear of further damage, and as a result, they are not getting good prices.” Irfan, another grower, echoed the sentiment, blaming both erratic weather and the prolonged Eid holidays. “When farmers were supposed to harvest before Eid, the rains began. When the rain stopped, Eid had arrived, causing market closures for several days. By the time trading resumed, the rain returned, damaging the mangoes.” Mangoes rot as Eid shutdown crushes Naogaon growers He went on to say, “Even though production was good, we’re losing money because of the low prices and rain-damaged mangoes,” added Kabir, another cultivator, his voice edged with anxiety.  

Bangladesh’s capital Dhaka is witnessing a sharp increase in incidents of car part theft, with organised gangs reportedly targeting both parked and moving vehicles across various parts of the city, including residential areas and commercial zones. In recent years, the trend of stealing parts from moving vehicles has also become alarmingly common in Dhaka, particularly during traffic jams and signal halts. This petty yet dangerous crime is catching commuters off guard and raising deeper concerns about urban safety and the effectiveness of law enforcement. Police and residents report that car batteries, side mirrors, wheels, headlights, and fog lamps are among the most frequently stolen parts. Thieves are known to operate even in moderately busy areas under the watch of surveillance systems—often in broad daylight. Law enforcement officials estimate that more than 50 organised groups are involved in stealing and reselling car parts. Most of the stolen items reportedly end up in second-hand markets in places such as Dholaikhal and Bangshal, where they are sold to workshops and garages—often without any documentation. The Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP) acknowledged the rising trend and said they have stepped up surveillance, urging car owners to take precautions and report incidents promptly. Victims and motorists have increasingly turned to social media to vent their frustration, highlighting the frequency of such thefts and what many see as a lack of meaningful follow-up by authorities. In several cases, complainants said police reports were filed but no further action followed. Car owners have been advised by police to install battery locks, wheel nut locks, GPS trackers and alarm systems, and to avoid parking in poorly lit or unsecured areas. The DMP says it has launched awareness campaigns and targeted operations to identify and arrest members of these organised syndicates. Hajiganj Municipality: A town suffocated by its own refuse This spike in theft comes amid a broader rise in both petty and organised crime in the capital, prompting renewed calls for better community policing and expanded surveillance infrastructure. A senior officer from the Detective Branch (DB) of DMP, speaking on condition of anonymity, said nearly 200 complaints of car-part theft were received over the past three months. “These are not isolated incidents,” the officer said. “We suspect at least 40 to 50 organised groups are operating across Dhaka. They use motorcycles or small cars to scout for targets, and some even pose as mechanics or vendors to avoid suspicion," he said. Residents of Dhanmondi, Uttara, Mohammadpur and Mirpur have all reported incidents in recent weeks. CCTV footage from some areas has shown thieves dismantling parts within minutes. Victims voice frustration Many car owners have expressed disappointment over what they describe as a “casual attitude” by police in responding to reports. “It happened in front of my apartment at 8:30 am. The side mirrors were gone by the time I came out,” said Mohammad Faisal, a resident of Bashundhara R/A. “I filed a complaint at the local police station, but nothing happened. They didn’t even ask for CCTV footage," he said. Others spoke of repeated financial loss. “A set of original fog lamps for my car costs over Tk 15,000. This is the second time I’m replacing them in six months,” said Sharmeen Haque, a schoolteacher living in Gulshan. The DMP has urged the public to report such incidents either to the national emergency helpline 999 or via its official complaint portal. Gulistan traffic jam: A hotspot for car part thefts Commuters passing through the busy Gulistan area say they are increasingly falling victim to car part theft, especially during heavy traffic congestion and signal stops. Reports have emerged of valuable exterior components such as side mirrors, windshield wipers, and emblems being snatched in daylight, particularly in areas around Bangabandhu National Stadium, Golap Shah Mazar, Zero Point and the entrances to the underground market. Witnesses say the perpetrators, often in pairs or small groups, take advantage of stationary vehicles to swiftly remove parts and disappear into the crowds. “I was waiting for the signal to turn green near Golap Shah Mazar when two boys approached pretending to sell tissues. One distracted me while the other snatched the left side mirror and ran,” said Sabuj Khan, an employee at a private company. “I only realised the mirror was missing after reaching the office," he said. Law enforcement agencies have acknowledged these thefts and said measures are being taken to increase patrols and improve police response. Transport associations and experts say stolen parts are often resold within hours in nearby used-parts markets, making recovery difficult. Due to the limited presence of CCTV and the chaotic nature of traffic areas, police have recommended vehicle owners install dash cameras and use anti-theft locks for easily removable parts. “I was stuck near the Golap Shah Mazar light for barely two minutes. When I reached my office, I saw the entire mirror on the left side was gone,” said Saidul Islam, a private bank employee. While police stations in Shahbagh and Paltan receive regular complaints, enforcement remains a challenge due to crowding and logistical limitations. Officials, however, said that plainclothes patrols have been increased in high-risk traffic zones. “Public cooperation and video evidence from dash cams can help us identify culprits,” said a senior DMP official.