United News of Bangladesh

One of the iconic figures in Bangladesh’s political history, BNP Chairperson and three-time former Prime Minister Begum Khaleda Zia, known as an uncompromising leader, lifelong fighter and true patriot, passed away on Tuesday morning (December 30, 2025). She was 80. Her long and turbulent political journey came to a solemn end at 6:00am on Tuesday at Evercare Hospital, where she had been receiving treatment for 37 days. “The BNP Chairperson breathed her last at 6:00am,” AKM Wahiduzzaman, the party’s ICT Affairs Secretary, said early in the morning. Her death was later confirmed by the medical board and senior party leaders. “It is with a heavy heart that we announce the passing of our esteemed Chairperson,” said BNP Secretary General Mirza Fakhrul, his voice choked with emotion. Read more: Khaleda to be laid to rest beside Zia; Janaza at Parliament’s South Plaza She is survived by her eldest son Tarique Rahman, three granddaughters, and millions of supporters and admirers. Her long political career has left a lasting mark on Bangladesh’s political landscape and inspired generations. Shockwave in Winter Morning Widow of slain President and BNP founder Ziaur Rahman, Khaleda Zia had long been woven into the fabric of Bangladesh’s political drama — its rises, ruptures, hopes, and hostilities. Her final months were marked by an unrelenting battle against pneumonia, chronic lung infections and persistent cardiac complications. News of her death spread quickly through the city in the early hours, cutting through the cold winter morning and heavy fog. People across the country were stunned. Silence fell, while scenes of grief unfolded inside and outside the hospital. A deep sense of grief swept across Bangladesh with condolence messages pouring in from leaders at home and abroad. The BNP announced seven days of mourning over the death of its long-time leader. The government has declared three days of national mourning, including a general holiday on Wednesday. As per the BNP Standing Committee’s decision, Khaleda Zia’s namaz-e-janaza will be held at 2:00pm on Wednesday at the South Plaza of the National Parliament and Manik Mia Avenue in the capital. She will be buried with full state honours at Chandrima Udyan beside the grave of her husband, former President Ziaur Rahman, at 3:30pm. Khaleda Zia led the BNP for 41 years and earned the title of the ‘uncompromising leader’ during the anti-autocracy movement of the 1990s. She served as a Member of Parliament five times -- Prime Minister three times and Leader of the Opposition twice. Read more: Jaishankar to represent India to pay last respect to ex-PM Khaleda Wednesday Starting her political journey as a homemaker, Khaleda spent much of her over four-decade political life on the streets, leading movements and facing arrests and imprisonment, but never leaving the country. She never lost an election she contested. The BNP chief had been suffering from multiple chronic illnesses, including liver and kidney complications, heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, arthritis and infections. She was admitted to Evercare Hospital on November 23. As her condition worsened, her elder son, BNP Acting Chairman Tarique Rahman, and other family members rushed to the hospital late Monday night. Shortly after 2:00am, Khaleda Zia’s personal physician, AZM Zahid Hossain, told reporters that she was passing through an ‘extremely critical time’ and requested the nation to pray for her recovery. A few hours later, doctors declared her dead. Family members, including Tarique Rahman, his wife Zubaida Rahman, their daughter Zaima Rahman, the family of her late son Arafat Rahman Koko, her siblings, and BNP Secretary General Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir, were present at the hospital at the time. Doctors, nurses and hospital staff were seen in tears as the news broke. The news spread rapidly on social media, with people from all walks of life expressing grief. BNP leaders, activists and supporters gathered outside the hospital in large numbers. Read more: Khaleda Zia: 41 years at BNP’s helm - an uncompromising leader At around 9am, the head of the medical board Prof Shahabuddin Talukder said with a choked voice that the medical team tried their best for more than a month, but Khaleda Zia was declared clinically dead at 6:00am. BNP Secretary General Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir said the loss is ‘irreparable’ and something the nation would never be able to overcome. Govt’s Reactions Fakhrul said Chief Adviser Muhammad Yunus had called him to express condolences. BNP Senior Joint Secretary General Ruhul Kabir Rizvi announced a seven-day mourning programme following the death of Khaleda. As part of the programme, black flags will be hoisted at all party offices across the country for a week starting Tuesday while party leaders and activists will wear black badges and Quran khatam and prayers will be held nationwide during the period. Condolence books were opened at BNP’s central office, Chairperson’s Gulshan office and other party offices across the country. Read more: Top foreign dignitaries to attend Khaleda Zia’s funeral An emergency meeting of the Advisory Council was held in the afternoon, where Mirza Fakhrul attended as a special guest. The meeting began with a minute’s silence, and decisions were taken regarding state mourning and funeral arrangements. Law Adviser Asif Nazrul said Khaleda Zia’s contribution to the country would remain unforgettable. The BNP Standing Committee also held an emergency meeting chaired by Tarique Rahman. BNP offices at Naya Paltan, Gulshan and elsewhere witnessed emotional scenes as leaders and supporters broke down in tears. Tarique’s Tributes Meanwhile, Tarique Rahman paid an emotional tribute to Khaleda, remembering her as a tender and loving mother who was also a steadfast guardian for her family and the nation. “My mother, BNP Chairperson Begum Khaleda Zia, has responded to the call of Almighty Allah and left us today. Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un (Indeed, we belong to Allah, and to Him we shall return),” he wrote in an emotional post on his verified Facebook page. Read more: Vehicular movement to be restricted while Khaleda Zia’s body transported in city To many, he said, she was the leader of the nation, an uncompromising leader, the ‘Mother of Democracy’, the ‘Mother of Bangladesh’. “To me, Khaleda Zia was a tender and loving mother who devoted her entire life to the country and its people. Throughout her life, she stood firm against autocracy, fascism, and domination, leading the struggle for freedom, sovereignty, and the restoration of democracy,” he said. Though her life was illuminated by sacrifice and struggle, Tarique said at home Khaleda was their truest guardian, a mother whose infinite love gave them strength in their darkest moments. He said Khaleda endured repeated arrests, denial of medical care, and relentless persecution. “Yet even in pain, confinement, and uncertainty, she never stopped sheltering her family with courage and compassion. Her resilience was not loud, but it was unbreakable.” For the country, Tarique said she lost her husband and lost her child. “In that loss, this nation and its people became her family, her purpose, her very soul. She leaves behind an unforgettable legacy of patriotism, sacrifice, and resistance, a legacy that will live on in the democratic conscience of Bangladesh.” Khaleda’s Legacy Khaleda Zia leaves behind a legacy as a steadfast leader, a symbol of resilience and patriotism, and one of the most influential states persons in Bangladesh’s history. History rarely announces its chosen figures in advance. BNP Chairperson Khaleda Zia has proven it. Her life was a testament to resilience, determination and leadership, marked by an unwavering commitment to democracy and deep patriotism. Read more: Tarique, other family members were by Khaleda’s side during her demise Starting as a homemaker, she entered politics seven months after the assassination of her husband, late President and BNP founder Ziaur Rahman and rose to become Bangladesh’s first female Prime Minister in less than a decade. Over a political career spanning nearly 43 years, she faced personal tragedies, imprisonment and political turbulence, yet remained a steadfast leader and a unifying symbol of democracy in Bangladesh. She led the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) for 41 consecutive years as its chairperson, shaping not only her own remarkable political journey but also the course of the nation’s turbulent politics. Khaleda Zia, who entered politics with no prior political experience following the assassination of her husband and BNP founder Ziaur Rahman in 1981, went on to shape a remarkable 43-year political journey. Analysts describe her as a charismatic and uncompromising leader. She led a long struggle against military rule under HM Ershad, forming a seven-party alliance that played a key role in his fall. Her political journey was not without hardships. She endured imprisonment, family tragedies—including the deaths of her husband and younger son, Arafat Rahman Koko—and repeated political harassment. Read more: BNP to open condolence book for Khaleda Zia at Gulshan office Even when the army-backed government in 2007 offered her opportunities to return to power or to go abroad, she firmly refused, saying that Bangladesh was her only home and the place where she wished to live until her death. Through this stance, she emerged as a symbol of resilience, integrity and national unity. Khaleda Zia was also known for her pragmatic approach. She supported dialogue and compromise when necessary, including the introduction of a neutral caretaker government system into the constitution, even when initially opposed within her party. She skillfully led BNP through multiple alliances, protests and elections, balancing strategic decisions with her principles. From Putul to Unifying Figure Born on August 15, 1945, as Khaleda Khan and nicknamed ‘Putul’ by her family, she married Ziaur Rahman in 1960 and became a widow at 36, raising her two sons, Tarique Rahman and Arafat Rahman, while gradually emerging as a decisive political leader. Throughout her leadership of BNP, Khaleda Zia earned respect not only from her followers but also across political parties. Analysts describe her as a unifying figure, a champion of democracy, and a symbol of perseverance who transformed Bangladesh’s political landscape, paving the way for women to lead at the highest level. Read more: Khaleda’s Death: Govt announces 3-day state mourning, general holiday Wednesday Khaleda Zia was admitted to Evercare Hospital on November 23 due to heart and lung infections and passed away at 6:00 pm on Tuesday. She was nominated for three constituencies—Dinajpur-3, Feni-1 and Bogura-7—for the upcoming 13th parliamentary election, although her party also fielded alternative candidates in view of her critical health condition.

Bangladesh’s financial sector stands at a defining juncture at the end of the 2025, marked by cautious stabilisation efforts but weighed down by deep-rooted structural weaknesses. While policymakers point to modest macroeconomic improvements and renewed discipline, restoring confidence, reviving private investment and repairing the financial system remain formidable challenges. From a macroeconomic standpoint, 2025 was largely a year of consolidation rather than acceleration. Inflation stayed elevated for much of the year, compelling authorities to maintain a tight monetary stance. Although inflationary pressures eased slightly towards year-end, the adjustment came at the cost of slower economic activity. According to the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), the general point-to-point inflation rate stood at 8.29 percent in November 2025, marginally up from 8.17 percent in October. Economic growth also fell short of earlier targets, reflecting subdued domestic demand and weak private sector investment. Both the government and the central bank repeatedly argued that short-term pain was necessary to restore macroeconomic balance and credibility. The financial sector—particularly the banking system—remained the most critical pressure point throughout the year. Non-performing loans stayed stubbornly high, underscoring long-standing governance failures, weak credit appraisal and ineffective recovery mechanisms. Despite repeated reform pledges, defaulted loans continued to erode bank balance sheets, limiting their ability to extend fresh credit. Financial sector reforms showing visible progress despite challenges: Governor Defaulted loans in the country's banking sector reached 34.6 percent of all disbursed credit till June this year, the highest level since 2000, exposing the fragile state of the banking system and renewing concerns about financial governance. Defaults surge to 34.6 percent of credit as Bad loans jump Tk 3,88,573 crore while Irregularities, weak oversight fuel crisis and the State banks hold 44.6 percent defaults. For much of 2025, banks prioritised liquidity management and survival over risk-taking, further tightening credit conditions for businesses. In a major intervention, Bangladesh Bank merged five struggling Islamic banks—First Security Islami Bank, Union Bank, Global Islami Bank, Social Islami Bank and EXIM Bank—into a new state-backed entity, tentatively named Sammilito Islami Bank (United Islamic Bank). The central bank dissolved their boards, appointed administrators and injected government capital to protect depositors and restore confidence, aiming to create a unified and stronger Islamic bank by late 2025 or early 2026. Private sector credit growth remained one of the weakest indicators in 2025, falling to a four-year low of around 6.23 percent by October, well below the central bank’s target. High interest rates, political uncertainty, power shortages and weak investor confidence discouraged borrowing, stalling new investment and business expansion despite export growth. High lending rates—often 16–17 percent—combined with stricter collateral requirements, led many entrepreneurs to delay expansion or rely on internal funds. The slowdown in capital machinery imports for much of the year reflected this hesitation. However, signs of cautious recovery emerged late in the year. Letters of Credit (LCs) for capital machinery rose by about 23 percent in the first quarter of FY2025-26, following three years of decline. During the July–September 2025 quarter, LCs climbed to $471.7 million, up from $383.9 million a year earlier, driven mainly by export-oriented sectors such as textiles, supported by improving foreign exchange stability. Still, overall private investment remained subdued. Private investment as a share of GDP fell to 22.48 percent in FY2024-25, the lowest in five years, signalling waning confidence at a critical moment as Bangladesh prepares for graduation from Least Developed Country (LDC) status. Investor sentiment in 2025 was shaped not only by financial conditions but also by broader governance concerns. Businesses frequently cited policy uncertainty, administrative delays and weak contract enforcement as major deterrents. While several reform initiatives were announced, uneven implementation led many local investors to adopt a wait-and-see approach, while foreign investors remained cautious despite Bangladesh’s large market and strategic location. The capital market offered limited relief. Although there were brief rallies, overall performance failed to attract significant new investment. Volatility, governance issues and limited market depth continued to undermine the stock market’s role as a source of long-term financing. IMF team meets BNP, discusses reforms in financial, social sectors On the policy front, Bangladesh Bank emphasised stronger supervision, improved loan classification and better corporate governance. Discussions on bank consolidation and stricter fit-and-proper criteria for directors gained prominence, though scepticism persisted over whether entrenched interests would allow deep reforms to take root. Meanwhile, the government continued to rely heavily on public investment to support economic activity. Large infrastructure projects played a stabilising role amid private sector hesitation, though economists warned that excessive dependence on public spending could crowd out private investment and raise concerns over efficiency, cost overruns and debt sustainability. The external sector provided some relief. Remittance inflows remained strong, helping stabilise foreign exchange reserves, while export earnings showed resilience despite global uncertainties. Bangladesh saw strong remittance inflows in 2025, crossing $30 billion for the fiscal year (FY25) and showing significant growth in the first half of FY26 (July-Dec 2025), reaching over $15 billion with monthly figures like November's $2.89 billion and a record $3.29 billion in March, driven by a stable exchange rate and crackdowns on informal transfers, boosting the economy. In the July-November period, remittance Inflows reached approximately $13.03 billion, a significant jump from $11.13 billion the previous year. In November 2025, A robust $2.89 billion, up over 31% from November 2024 while in March 2025, a record monthly inflow of $3.29 billion. Export receipts exceeded $20 billion in the first half of FY2025-26, driven mainly by the apparel sector. For FY2024-25, total exports reached $48.28 billion, with RMG earnings at $39.34 billion. As 2025 ends, there is cautious recognition that stabilisation has been achieved, but there is broad agreement that the hardest work lies ahead. Restoring trust in financial institutions, curbing loan defaults and ensuring predictable policy implementation are essential to unlocking private investment. Without decisive reforms, growth is likely to remain below potential, limiting Bangladesh’s ability to absorb its growing labour force—especially as concessional financing and trade preferences diminish after LDC graduation. BRTA provides financial assistance to families of road crash victims in Joypurhat In that sense, 2025 may be remembered as a transitional year—highlighting both the resilience of Bangladesh’s economy and the depth of its structural weaknesses. Whether this adjustment phase evolves into a foundation for sustainable and inclusive growth will depend largely on how effectively financial sector reforms are implemented and private sector confidence is restored in the years ahead.

A vast golden carpet has spread across the haor wetlands of Madhyanagar upazila in Sunamganj, as a bumper mustard harvest this season brings renewed hope and financial relief to local farmers. The low-lying fields, riverbanks and wetlands of Banshikunda Uttar and Dakshin, Chamardani and Madhyanagar Sadar unions are now awash with bright yellow mustard flowers, transforming the landscape into a striking spectacle that is also drawing curious visitors. Mustard, widely known as a low-cost and high-profit oilseed crop with a short growing cycle, has gained growing popularity among farmers in the haor region. According to the Madhyanagar upazila agriculture office, mustard was cultivated on around 550 hectares of land this season, with officials optimistic about meeting, and possibly exceeding production targets. Read more: Chuadanga farmers thrive as cauliflower yields hit new high For many farmers, the shift towards mustard has been driven by rising production costs and price uncertainty surrounding paddy and other staple crops. “We often suffer losses from rice cultivation due to high input costs and unstable market prices,” said one farmer. “Mustard needs less investment, grows quickly and sells well. It is safer for us.” As a result, mustard cultivation has expanded significantly in fallow lands and haor-adjacent areas this year, making productive use of land that often remains uncultivated after the monsoon. The agriculture office said sowing typically begins at the end of Kartik, with harvesting completed by mid-Poush, allowing farmers to earn returns early in the season. Even before harvesting the seeds, farmers generate additional income by selling mustard flowers and leaves, which are used locally to prepare dishes such as bora (fritters) and leafy vegetables. After harvesting, the dried stalks are sold as fuel, further adding to household earnings. Read more: Sirajganj’s mustard fields bloom into golden seas, promise bumper harvest Upazila Deputy Assistant Agriculture Officer Akmal Hossain said the outlook remains positive. “Like previous years, the mustard production target has been achieved. If there is no major pest or disease outbreak, farmers can expect a bumper harvest,” he said. He said timely distribution of fertilisers and seeds under government incentive programmes ensured smooth cultivation this season. Across Bangladesh, mustard cultivation has emerged as a profitable rabi-season crop, particularly in districts such as Magura and Narail. With the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) keeps on developing high-yielding mustard varieties to support the farmers and keep up the encouraging growth trend, farmers have responded equally with the adoption of improved seeds and modern techniques. Mustard farming is playing an increasingly vital role in Bangladesh’s agricultural economy with the country striving to reduce its dependence on imported edible oil, officials said. Read more: Naogaon farmers make a fortune on mustard and honey

The National Board of Revenue (NBR) ended 2025 at the centre of Bangladesh’s growing fiscal challenge, struggling to raise higher revenue in a slowing economy while attempting long-promised reforms of a tax system criticised for inefficiency, discretion and a narrow base. The year unfolded as a mix of reform initiatives, technology-driven upgrades and aggressive policy moves, alongside deep-rooted structural weaknesses and unprecedented institutional unrest within the revenue administration. Together, these factors shaped a year of cautious transition, missed targets and unresolved debates over the future of tax reform. At a broader level, NBR’s revenue performance reflected the country’s macroeconomic stress. Sluggish imports caused by foreign exchange constraints, weak domestic demand and cautious private investment reduced traditional revenue flows. Despite repeated assurances of improved efficiency, revenue collection fell short of targets for much of the year. Bangladesh’s continued dependence on a small taxpayer base and import-stage taxes again proved risky. Customs duties and import-based VAT, long the strongest pillars of revenue, came under pressure as import controls were tightened to stabilise the balance of payments. Revenue mobilisation faced further strain in the first five months of FY2025–26. Between July and November, NBR collected about Tk 1.49 lakh crore, posting nearly 15 percent year-on-year growth but missing the target by around Tk 24,000 crore. Officials blamed weak import growth for the shortfall, which directly hit customs revenue. Income tax collection recorded double-digit growth but still lagged behind expectations due to limited compliance, a narrow tax base and slower business activity. VAT performed relatively better, supported by price adjustments and enforcement efforts, but also failed to meet targets. The shortfall comes as the government faces mounting pressure to finance rising expenditure, including debt servicing and social protection programmes, while cutting reliance on bank borrowing. Analysts warn that without faster progress on automation, administration reform and compliance, meeting the annual revenue target will remain difficult. One area of progress was taxpayer registration. The number of Taxpayer Identification Number holders rose to more than 10.2 million, up from around nine million a few years ago. However, only about four million taxpayers submitted income tax returns, underscoring the challenge of turning registration into actual compliance. VAT remained central to domestic revenue efforts. Although the NBR took steps to expand registration and promote electronic invoicing, progress was uneven. About 644,000 businesses are registered for VAT, a small fraction of the total number of operating enterprises. Traders continue to cite complexity, compliance costs and discretionary enforcement as major obstacles. Technology-based reforms became more visible during the year. Expanded use of ASYCUDA World, automated customs bond management and new digital modules at land ports were rolled out. However, taxpayers frequently reported system disruptions and ongoing manual intervention, highlighting gaps between policy design and practical implementation. Policy volatility also drew criticism. The NBR issued numerous exemptions and adjustments through statutory regulatory orders during the year, raising concerns about predictability, lobbying influence and unequal treatment across sectors. The most defining episode of 2025 was the unprecedented agitation by NBR officials following the promulgation of the Revenue Policy and Revenue Management Ordinance, 2025. Protests disrupted operations for nearly two months, slowed revenue collection and exposed internal tensions over reform ownership. Although full-scale strikes were later withdrawn, unease within the organisation has yet to fully subside. NBR enables election aspirants to file online tax returns Adding to the pressure, the government raised the NBR’s revenue target for FY2025–26 to around Tk 5.54 lakh crore from Tk 4.99 lakh crore at mid-year, despite ongoing economic headwinds. As 2025 ends, the NBR stands at a crossroads. While reform intent is evident and digital foundations are being laid, analysts argue that durable progress will require simpler laws, fewer exemptions, credible dispute resolution and a shift towards a partnership-based tax culture. Whether reform ambitions can translate into lasting institutional change remains one of Bangladesh’s most critical fiscal questions heading into 2026

Once hailed as the golden fiber and the backbone of Bangladesh’s post-independence economy, jute now contributes less than 2% to the country’s total export earnings, a sharp fall from nearly 90% in the 1970s. Despite its vast potential, Bangladesh’s jute sector continues to struggle under poor planning, outdated technology and a lack of effective policy support. According to Export Promotion Bureau (EPB) data, export earnings from jute and jute goods have been steadily declining in recent years. The sector earned USD 911.51 million in FY2022–23, dropping to USD 855.23 million in FY2023–24, and further down to USD 820.16 million in FY2024–25, sparking concerns over the future of what was once the country’s flagship export industry. Years of Neglect and Policy Contradictions Experts blame the sector’s downturn on years of neglect and inconsistent government decisions. “The biggest problem with jute is the absence of any sustained, effective initiative,” said agronomist and University of Western Australia PhD researcher Dr Moinul Hasan Khan. “Over the decades, we’ve seen one jute mill after another shutdown. Farmers never received fair prices for raw jute, and failure to protect both mills and growers has steadily eroded our export income.” Read more: Rizwana for expanding jute-based industry for environmental protection In 2018, the Awami League government revamped the National Jute Policy to revive the sector and enhance its global competitiveness. Yet, only two years later, the same government shut 26 state-owned jute mills down, rendering around 25,000 workers jobless overnight. “How can a country dreaming of export growth through jute shut down all its state-owned mills? It’s one of the most self-contradictory policy decisions imaginable,” said Dr Khan. Data from the Bangladesh Jute Mills Corporation (BJMC) show that between 1972 and 1981, the number of state-owned jute mills increased to 82. The sector, however, soon began to crumble under financial losses, mismanagement and outdated machinery. “Working in a jute mill once meant stability and pride,” recalled Nurul Akand, former Supply Manager of the iconic Adamjee Jute Mills. “Mill workers used to earn more than employees in other factories, with better bonuses and allowances. But one by one, those benefits disappeared.” He said although the government later leased out closed mills to private operators, production never returned to its former levels. Habib Hossain, a former officer at Monowar Jute Mills, said most public mills relied on outdated, Pakistan-era machinery. “No training was provided to workers to produce modern jute products. Eventually, citing losses, the government decided to close the factories instead of modernizing them.” Read more: Govt working on Tk 100-crore fund to revive jute bags: Adviser Bashir Currently, Bangladesh has over 200 private jute mills, which account for nearly all jute exports. However, private mill owners say they too are facing mounting challenges. “The biggest challenge now is sourcing enough raw jute during the season,” said Tapas Pramanik, Chairman of the Bangladesh Jute Spinners Association (BJSA). “Because of hoarders, mills often can’t get adequate raw jute, which stalls production.” Record Harvest, Farmers Under Pressure In southern Bangladesh, particularly Faridpur district, the country’s largest jute-producing region, the area under jute cultivation reached 86,500 hectares this year, producing raw jute worth about Tk 2,000 crore, according to the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE). Yet farmers say they have reaped little benefit. Many had to sell their crops early at low prices, while hoarders later resold the same jute to mills at nearly double the rate. “We borrow money for seeds, fertilizers, and labor. When loans fall due, we’re forced to sell quickly, often at minimal profit,” said Hamiduzzaman, a farmer from Salta upazila in Faridpur. Read more: Govt orders probe into irregularities in Tk 518cr Jute mill project The situation is similar in the northern districts. Farmers in Gaibandha, known for high-quality jute, said they sold raw jute at Tk 2,500–2,800 per maund during harvest season, while current market prices have soared to Tk 4,500–5,000 per maund. “Now jute prices are high, but we have none left. Hoarders control the market and profit from our losses,” said Runu Mia, a farmer from Gaibandha. Mill owners and traders alike point to hoarding and unregulated raw jute exports as the sector’s biggest threats. “Hoarders are exporting raw jute abroad, depriving local mills of the raw material they need,” said Shamsul Haque Howlader, a jute trader from Nalchity upazila in Jhalakathi. “The foreign exchange earned from raw jute exports is only a fraction of what we could earn by exporting value-added jute goods.” Business leaders warn that if hoarding and unregulated raw jute exports are not curbed soon, Bangladesh’s jute industry could face an even deeper crisis. Both farmers and mill owners are urging the government to prioritize technological modernisation, research, and incentives for the sector. They argue that lack of proper retting (soaking) facilities and limited access to processing technology continue to hurt both productivity and quality. Read more: Nepal keen to import raw jute from Bangladesh: Nepalese Ambassador Farmers say they still rely on primitive methods, burning wood and straw to ret jute due to water shortages, while mill owners struggle with inefficient production systems. To revive the sector’s lost glory, industry insiders have called for increased subsidies, tax relief and technological upgradation programs for both farmers and mills. Talking about revitalising the jute industry, Jute and Textile Adviser Sk Bashir Uddin said the government wants to move forward by learning from past mistakes in the sector. “Many unrealistic and colourful dreams were promoted about the jute industry without considering ground realities, which prevented solutions from addressing the root problems. In the past, inefficiency, incompetence, vested interests and mismanagement pushed the jute industry towards destruction,” he said. Noting that plastic has gradually replaced jute in many areas, the adviser stressed the need for expanding the market for jute products. “To popularise jute bags, a revolving fund has been created under the climate fund involving more than 1,600 entrepreneurs.” Regarding the closed jute mills, the Adviser said the government is in the process of gradually reviving the factories through privatisation. Read more: Fire damages valuables of jute sack warehouses in Gazipur He also mentioned that the government is considering a long-term plan for the jute industry. As Bangladesh pushes towards export diversification, analysts say reviving the jute sector, once the pride of the nation, could provide a sustainable and eco-friendly path to industrial growth, but only if the government takes consistent, forward-looking action.

Bangladesh has embarked on a landmark agricultural initiative aimed at converting vast stretches of fallow haor lands into cultivable fields, in a project valued at approximately Tk 500 crore. The five-year programme, spearheaded by the Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC), is set to run through 2029 across four districts of the Sylhet division, including Sunamganj, Sylhet, Moulvibazar and Habiganj, officials said. They said the ambitious project focuses on enhanced surface water management to boost irrigation and agricultural productivity. It encompasses excavation of canals and hill streams, construction of permanent causeways, flood control measures, farmer training, and other interventions designed to increase resilience against climate impacts. Dilapidated relics cast a long shadow over justice at Amtali court Once fully implemented, officials estimate the programme will bring 17,019 hectares of fallow land under irrigation, generating an additional 51,058 metric tonnes of food grains. Farmers in the region will receive hands-on training between 2025 and 2029 to improve water-use efficiency and adapt to climate challenges, potentially increasing rice and other crop yields. Fish production is also expected to rise following the excavation of canals and hill streams. “Work has already started. We are keeping a strict watch to ensure that there is no irregularity or mismanagement in the project,” said Project Director Engineer Pranjit Kumar Deb. Construction of reinforced concrete causeways—considered one of the most critical components—is underway, facilitating the easier transportation of Boro paddy by boat and vehicle, saving time and money for farmers. Nearly 10,000 hectares of fallow land in the haor districts are expected to be brought under cultivation during the project’s five-year span. Planned works include the excavation of 70 kilometres of canals and hill streams, installation of 10 deep tube wells, renovation of 30 old irrigation schemes, construction of 15 culverts, two sluice gates, four causeways, and drainage improvement over nearly three kilometres. Palm trees under the axe; Naogaon bypass pays an environmental price Across the four districts, 221 kilometres of canals and hill streams will be excavated and 105 kilometres renovated. Enhanced water retention will allow flood and rainwater to be stored for supplementary irrigation during Aman and Robi seasons, benefiting 2,681 hectares. Re-excavation and renovation efforts will also help protect roughly 7,900 hectares from early flooding caused by sudden hill runoff. Five kilometres of buried pipelines are expected to permanently remove waterlogging from 167 hectares, protecting crops worth approximately 24,200 metric tonnes on 8,067 hectares of Boro land. Modern irrigation infrastructure, including low-lift pumps, force-mode pumps, artesian tube wells, sprinkler systems, and 367.6 kilometres of underground channels, will bring 10,032 hectares under advanced irrigation, while renovation of 180 old schemes aims to prevent water loss. Small and medium irrigation infrastructure such as water passes, cattle crossings, footbridges, pipe sluices, regulators, and submerged weirs, cross dams, siphons, and conduits are also planned, alongside 10 kilometres of causeways to aid crop transportation. Approximately 900 mechanics, managers, operators, field staff, farmers, and women farmers will receive training on irrigation management, equipment maintenance, crop and seed production, processing, and vegetable cultivation. The initiative has been welcomed by haor movement leaders and farmers, though they have urged rigorous monitoring to prevent mismanagement. “BADC is a pioneering institution in agricultural development, and this project could bring meaningful change if closely monitored,” said Saiful Alam Sadrul, a labour movement leader in Sunamganj. Endless delay pushes Barui Para Bridge cost to Tk 136cr; frustration grows Prof Chittaranjan Talukder, a leader of the Haor Bachao Andolon, said that while permanent causeways would ease crop transport, caution is needed in canal excavation and construction works. The project’s launch follows nearly five years of preparatory work, marking a significant step in transforming Bangladesh’s haor regions into productive agricultural landscapes.

Two crumbling buildings, relics of a bygone era, have become a looming threat to nearly 20,000 people who frequent the Amtali Upazila Senior Judicial Magistrate Court in Barguna. Built more than half a century ago, the abandoned structures now stand as silent hazards, shedding bricks and cement onto a passage used daily by litigants, lawyers and court staff. A recent visit to the site paints a troubling picture. The narrow main entrance to the court runs directly between the two decaying, two-storey buildings, forcing thousands of visitors each day to pass beneath unstable walls. Chunks of masonry have already fallen, heightening fears that a sudden collapse could trigger a serious disaster. The buildings were constructed in 1975 by the Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC) to store machinery and equipment. Around 15 years ago, the local administration declared them abandoned. Since then, neglect has taken its toll. Weeds and creepers now blanket the walls, giving the structures a haunted appearance that unsettles court-goers even before they step inside. Concerns over safety have been raised repeatedly by those who use the court. ‘If they can’t fix it, let’s fish it’: Hasnat’s protest on dilapidated Cumilla road “Every day, thousands of people come and go through the court entrance at their own risk,” said Md Abubakar, a member of the court staff, adding, “These buildings are extremely vulnerable and could collapse at any moment, causing severe casualties.” Justice seekers share the same anxiety. Abdul Majed Master, who regularly visits the court, said the structures are not only an eyesore but a grave danger. “These abandoned buildings spoil the image of the court and pose a serious risk to life. They must be evicted immediately,” he said. Former local ward councillor Jannatul Ferdous echoed the concern, warning that the hazardous condition of the buildings undermines the dignity of the court and endangers everyone passing through its entrance. Dilapidated school building poses risk to students in Feni

Along the Naogaon bypass road, tall palm trees once stood like silent sentinels—lining the highway, softening the concrete stretch with shade and symmetry, and serving a purpose far beyond aesthetics. Today, many of those trees bear blunt, shaved tops, their branches cut back abruptly, leaving locals fearful that a decades-old natural shield is slowly being destroyed, locals and environmental activists said. The cutting of branches from around 750 palm trees by the Northern Electricity Supply Company Limited (NESCO) has sparked anger and concern among residents and environmental activists, who say the work was carried out without consultation and with little regard for environmental consequences. For years, villagers along the bypass—from Rambhadrapur to Battali Boalia—had planted palm trees using seeds collected from nearby areas. Most of the trees are now between 20 and 30 years old. Outrage in Sylhet after date palm trees cut down at Shahjalal's shrine Over time, they transformed the two-kilometre stretch into a greener, cooler corridor, breaking the monotony of the road and offering protection against lightning, a known benefit of palm trees in Bangladesh. But recent branch-cutting and top-shaving to accommodate electricity poles and overhead lines have changed the landscape dramatically. During a recent visit to the area, the UNB correspondent observed that while several thousand palm trees stand along the stretch, around 750 have been visibly altered, with many appearing weakened. Residents fear the damage may be irreversible. “It was not right for the electricity office staff to shave the tops of the palm trees,” said local resident Sakhawat Hossain, pointing towards several injured trees. “Some trees died after similar work before. Even when we protested, no one listened,” he said. Man held for felling 50 Bakul trees on Dhaka-Chattogram highway Another local resident, Belal Hossain, echoed the frustration. “Palm trees take decades to grow. The electricity staff cut the branches and shaved the tops in just one day. They could have moved the poles slightly to save the trees, but instead they damaged them deliberately,” he said.

A project envisioned as a vital connectivity link for Narail has instead come to epitomise years of delay, mounting costs and unmet promises. Construction of the Barui Para Bridge over the Nabaganga River in Kalia upazila has dragged on for nearly eight years, far exceeding its original one-and-a-half-year deadline. With only partial progress achieved, local residents and commuters continue to endure daily hardship, growing increasingly frustrated as deadline after deadline slips by. The prolonged delay has also come at a heavy financial cost. Originally approved at Tk 65 crore, the project’s budget has ballooned to around Tk 136 crore—almost two and a half times higher—largely due to design complications and repeated extensions. Crippling bridge forces 30,000 Lalmonirhat residents to risk their lives daily Once completed, the bridge is expected to significantly improve road connectivity between Narail Sadar and Kalia upazila, while also easing communication with at least three neighbouring districts. Until then, the unfinished structure stands as a reminder of stalled promises. Supervised by the Roads and Highways Department (RHD), construction of the bridge began in 2018. Despite the passage of time, the project remains incomplete. The latest extension has set June next year as the new deadline. So far, work on 11 piers, 11 spans and the approach roads on both sides of the river have been completed. However, the most critical section—the central portion of the bridge—remains unfinished. This includes three piers and three steel spans that are yet to be installed, locals said. According to RHD sources, the PC girder bridge measures 651.83 metres in length and 10.25 metres in width. While the original contract value stood at Tk 65 crore, repeated design modifications and time overruns have pushed the total project cost to Tk 135.92 crore. Read more: Bridge of hopes over Narendrapur-Kachrar canal still waiting The initial contractor, M/s Jamil Iqbal and Moinuddin Bashi Construction Company, was awarded the project in 2018. The construction process, however, faced major setbacks after the No-9 pier was washed away twice following collisions with bulkheads. Unable to complete four piers and three spans of the main structure, the contractor spent Tk 61 crore before the Roads and Highways Department ultimately terminated the first-phase contract after multiple deadline extensions. Subsequently, the RHD awarded the remaining work under a second-phase contract to Concrete and Steel Technologist Ltd. The firm has reported that installation work has already begun on three imported steel spans, including a large 86.73-metre steel arch span sourced from abroad. Abdul Wadud Khan Liton, a responsible official of the contracting firm, acknowledged the delays, attributing them to the complexities involved in importing specialised steel spans. Read more: Irregularities deepen doubts over Khulna’s mega embankment project “We expect to complete installation of two spans within this month. We are hopeful that the central arch span will be installed and handed over to the authorities before the deadline,” he said. Narail Roads and Highways Department Executive Engineer Md Nazrul Islam said construction work has resumed in full swing after correcting earlier design flaws. He expressed optimism that the long-awaited project would finally be completed by mid-June next year, paving the way for the bridge to be opened to traffic. For now, however, residents of Narail continue to wait—watching an unfinished bridge stretch across the river, emblematic of both promise and prolonged delay. Read more: A decade on, Uttara lake development still stuck in limbo

Vast stretches of mustard fields across Sirajganj have burst into radiant shades of yellow, turning the district into a rolling sea of gold and offering a visual feast that is delighting visitors and farmers alike. From late afternoon until dusk, the flowering fields have become a magnet for people of all ages. Youths, women and men are seen wandering through the blossoms, pausing to admire the view, capturing selfies against the glowing backdrop of nature’s seasonal spectacle. The golden transformation is most striking in Tarash, Raiganj, Ullapara and the char areas—long known as the district’s ‘granary’—where mustard flowers sway gently in the winter breeze, painting the countryside with warmth and colour. Read more: Golden Harvest: Sirajganj farmers reap bumper mustard crop According to the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), a cultivation target of 87,125 hectares was set for mustard farming across Sirajganj’s nine upazilas this season. Farmers, however, have gone beyond expectations, bringing even more land under cultivation and raising hopes of a bumper harvest. Mustard farming has expanded notably in the Chalan Beel areas, particularly in Tarash, Raiganj, Ullapara and Shahjadpur upazilas. Significant cultivation has also been recorded in Kamarkhanda, Kazipur, Belkuchi and Sirajganj Sadar upazilas, reflecting a district-wide surge in production. Among the commonly cultivated varieties are Tori-7, BARI-14, Beena-9 and Beena-14. In the char areas, farmers have opted for the uric acid-free Kalania variety, well-suited to the region’s soil and conditions. Read more: Chapainawabganj farmer sparks local excitement with amazing Chinese orange harvest Local farmers said government incentives have played a crucial role in encouraging cultivation. Seeds and fertilisers were distributed at fixed rates, while agricultural officers provided regular guidance and technical advice to ensure better yields. With favourable weather prevailing, farmers remain optimistic about achieving a bumper output this season. Adding to the vibrancy of the fields, honey collectors from different areas have already installed bee boxes among the mustard crops. Harvesting of mustard flower honey has begun, and collectors expect production to surpass last year’s levels due to the increased acreage under cultivation. Deputy Director of the DAE, AKM Manjur-e-Maula, said farmers had brought more land under mustard cultivation this year compared to the previous season. “We distributed free seeds and fertilisers among small and marginal farmers and provided necessary advice. If the weather remains favourable, there is a strong possibility of a bumper mustard harvest this season,” he said. As Sirajganj’s fields glow under winter skies, the mustard bloom stands not only as a scenic delight but also as a symbol of agricultural promise and rural resilience. Read more: Khulna farmers reap rewards from mustard cultivation, honey production