United News of Bangladesh

In the lushgreen hills and tranquil borderlands of Sylhet, a hush has fallen over the once-bustling trade arteries of Tamabil and Sheola land ports. Export activities at these two critical crossings have ground to a halt, the result of an abrupt ban imposed by neighbouring India, a decision sending ripples of distress through Sylhet’s trading community. According to sources, the crux of the issue lies in India’s decision to block the import of goods that it has placed on a restricted list. Ironically, it is precisely these blacklisted items that constitute the lion’s share of exports from Tamabil – which faces India’s picturesque Meghalaya state – and Sheola, which connects with Assam across the serene borders of Sylhet’s Beanibazar upazila. Now, a thick veil of uncertainty looms large over Sylhet’s export future. The ports, once alive with the hum of trade and the rhythm of transnational commerce, are eerily silent. Business leaders have sounded the alarm. Should this impasse endure, Bangladesh stands to lose a vital foothold in the lucrative northeastern market of India, often referred to as the 'Seven Sister' states. Bangladesh in touch with India over push-ins, port-related restrictions: Foreign Adviser This region, historically reliant on imports through these accessible land ports, had emerged as a promising consumer base for Bangladeshi goods. Conversations with local importers and exporters reveal a sobering reality. India, too, has long utilised these routes to ship goods into Bangladesh, drawn by the ease of transit and strategic proximity. This seamless two-way movement had once rendered Bangladeshi products exceptionally competitive and sought-after in India’s remote northeast. Among the items that have typically crossed the border are ready-made garments, fruits, fruit juices, household consumables, plastic products, furniture and crockery. However, most of these fall squarely within the purview of India's newly reinforced restrictions. Faced with this challenge, many traders find little incentive to dispatch the limited number of remaining permissible items, resulting in a de facto cessation of export activities. Adding to the gravity of the situation, sources indicate that numerous manufacturing hubs had been set up in the industrial belts of Habiganj in Sylhet – strategically aligned to serve the demand from across the border. These factories, focused largely on consumer goods and plastic items, are now confronting a precarious future. Unless the restrictions are lifted with urgency, the financial toll on these enterprises could be devastating. Bangladesh-India trade to continue in consumers’ interest: Commerce Adviser The human cost of this disruption is already being felt. Exporters, importers and industrialists are reeling from the sudden turn of events. Not long ago, shipments of plastic products and fruit juice flowed regularly through the ports. Now, those same trucks are being turned away, laden with unsold goods and unmet expectations. Shah Alam, a C&F (Clearing and Forwarding) agent stationed at Sheola Land Port, painted a bleak picture. “Major industrial units will suffer if the export ban continues,” he cautioned. “They may be forced to scale back production. India has not restricted all products, but the ones that are allowed are not imported in large quantities. The ban mainly targets high-volume goods, which has virtually crippled port activities,” he said. He added that a solitary truck of melamine goods managed to cross into India through Sheola on Monday (May 19). But, numerous others bearing plastic and consumer items were compelled to retreat due to the prevailing ban. Echoing the collective anxiety of Sylhet’s business community, Foyez Hasan Ferdous, President of the Sylhet Chamber of Commerce and Industry, said, “It’s only natural that India’s restrictions would have a negative impact on Sylhet’s export trade. Both Bangladeshi and Indian businesses are being affected.” Ferdous urged the two nations to seek a diplomatic resolution through constructive bilateral dialogue, emphasising that such an initiative could provide much-needed relief to traders and communities on both sides of the border. Leading RMG exporters stung by India's decision to restrict imports  As the silence at Tamabil and Sheola persists, so too does the hope that reason and resolution will prevail – breathing life once more into the trade routes that have long connected people, goods, and aspirations across borders.

Across Sunamganj, 46 government health centres stand unusually silent—modern buildings with no doctors, no treatment and no purpose. Built to serve the sick and vulnerable, they now symbolise a collapsed promise, as absentee doctors leave entire communities without care. Yet, behind the locked doors and echoing corridors lies a stark reality, no doctors, no nurses, no medicine, just buildings. Across Sunamganj’s 11 upazilas, especially in remote unions like Lakshmipur in Dowarabazar, basic healthcare has become a luxury. According to locals and local health officials, not a single doctor is posted in any of the district’s 46 Union Health and Family Welfare Centres (UHFWCs). Among the 22 union-level sub-health centres, only five have doctors assigned—most of whom are regularly deployed elsewhere. The result is a silent collapse of rural healthcare. Despite improved roads and infrastructure in some areas, villagers are still being turned away from empty clinics. Recalling earlier days, community worker Syed Mia, now in his mid-age, said, “I got treated by an MBBS doctor here when I was in class four. The building was made of tin sheets, but care was real. Today, we have bricks and concrete—but no one to care for us.” As Lakshmipur Sub-Health Centre—once the only beacon of care for many people spread across three unions. Today, its gleaming two-storey building hosts just one sub-assistant medical officer, Monirul Islam. He is the sole lifeline for thousands, performing duties far beyond his capacity. “I open the gate, hoist the national flag, treat the sick, and clean the premises. When I’m sent elsewhere, the centre simply remains closed,” said Monirul, who lives on-site with his family. Doctor shortage cripples healthcare services at Doarabazar Health Complex Nurjahan Begum from the union said, “Last Tuesday, my grandson had a high fever. I walked for an hour to get medicine, but the centre was locked. Later, I heard the doctor was on exam duty.” Tarek Ahmad, a college teacher in the same village, added, “We haven’t had an MBBS doctor here for nearly a decade. When the sub-assistant medical officer is away, the hospital remains closed.” Some villagers have to travel two hours to reach Dowarabazar or Sunamganj town in case of emergencies. “Patients often die on the way,” Tarek said. Md Imdadul Haque Chowdhury of Lakshmipur village shared that nearly a hundred patients visit the centre daily, yet one community medical officer is their only hope. “For two days a week, even he is posted at the upazila health complex. From the outside, this two-storey building looks like a full-fledged hospital—but it’s practically abandoned,” he said. Stories like this echo throughout the district. In Jagannathpur upazila, five sub-health centres are barely functional. “These buildings exist only in name,” said Amit Dev, a local resident. “Sometimes someone opens them briefly, but there’s no real service.” Union Parishad Chairman Shahidul Islam Bakul confirmed the grim state. “We’ve sent reports, held meetings, even raised the issue at district level. Nothing has changed,” he said. A look at the official numbers confirms the crisis. Of the 22 sanctioned posts for sub-assistant community medical officers, only eight are filled. But most of these officers, too, are assigned to upazila health complexes rather than union facilities. There are no pharmacists. Only three support staff cover all 22 centres, according to locals. BSMMC ICU in Faridpur suffer from shortage of doctors

Prominent economist Professor Abu Ahmed has questioned the logic behind complying with all the conditions set by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) saying that following every prescription does not ensure economic progress. “If the IMF’s conditions worked perfectly, countries like Pakistan, Nigeria and Ghana would be among the richest economies in the world,” he told UNB over the phone. Professor Abu Ahmed, who serves as Director and Chairman of the Investment Corporation of Bangladesh, pointed out that Pakistan has sought IMF bailouts 24 times yet continues to struggle economically. He came up with the remark when asked about the recent turmoil in the National Board of Revenue (NBR) over the proposed move to split it. Abu Ahmed said so far Pakistan has taken bailout programme from the IMF 24 times. “If the IMF prescription works properly then Pakistan, Nigeria and Ghana should do very well economically, why they are becoming poorer day by day,” he questioned. Regarding the IMF prescription to split the NBR and establish two separate entities—the Revenue Management Division (RMD) and the Revenue Policy Division (RPD), he said that this was an old prescription. “It was delayed in implementation, but the government should first examine global practices,” Abu Ahmed said. NBR strike deepens revenue crisis, threatens fiscal stability: Economists He also emphasised that the government must make independent decisions on which conditions of lending agencies to accept. “The economy of Bangladesh is not in such a position where the government will vigorously beg for money by accepting all conditions,” he observed. He mentioned before going to this decision of splitting the NBR, the government should look in to the matter with the local experts. “Does Bangladesh now lack educated experts on this issue?” The NBR Reform Unity Council on Wednesday announced a series of fresh programmes, including continuous non-cooperation with the NBR chairman to press home their demands. The Council will continue its non-cooperation with the Chairman of the National Board of Revenue (NBR). They will submit a memorandum outlining their demands to the Chief Adviser on Thursday. They will observe complete strike in all offices of the Tax, Customs and VAT Department, except Customs House and LC Stations, on May 24 and May 25. The strike will be observed from 9 am to 5 pm at Customs House and LC Stations on these two days. But, export and international passenger services will be exempted from the strike. A complete strike will be observed in all the offices of the Tax, Customs and VAT Department, except International Passenger Services, from May 26.

When Dhaka’s metro rail was launched, it was seen as a symbol of a modern, well-organised city.  The sleek tracks above and smooth train rides offered hope that the capital was finally moving forward. But beneath the elevated tracks, a different picture is emerging. The open space below the metro line was designed for greenery and public use. Some trees were planted as part of that plan, but many have since been uprooted.  Dhaka metro rail services resume two hours after disruption Instead of trees and walkways, these areas are now home to the homeless. Since the inauguration of MRT Line-6 on December 28, 2022—from Uttara to Agargaon—the city has gradually extended its metro services to Motijheel.  Yet the space under the tracks, once intended as clean, open zones for pedestrians or communal use, has become overrun. From Farmgate to Karwan Bazar, Kazipara to Mirpur, hawkers and beggars now dominate the area.  Makeshift stalls, street children, and piles of waste line the footpaths, forcing commuters to navigate through chaos. “It’s like we’ve built a metro rail on top of a slum,” said Tanvir Hasan, a university student in Farmgate.  “We thought this was going to change the look of the city. Instead, it just pushed the same problems to a new place,” he said.  Locals describe the scenes as disturbing. Plastic sheets serve as roofs, old mattresses lie on the ground, and vendors fry snacks dangerously close to foot traffic. Beggars sit near the station gates, competing for attention. “This place turns into a mini bazaar every afternoon,” said Asma Khatun, a garment worker in Mirpur-10, adding, “It’s noisy, crowded, and filthy. We don’t feel safe walking here anymore.” The transformation didn’t happen overnight. It began with a single vendor, followed by others. Soon, small groups of homeless people began using the space for shelter. Now, entire stretches resemble informal markets. No visible action has been taken by the authorities to regulate or reclaim these spaces. What was meant to be a revolution in urban transport is becoming another layer of the same old disorder. “This was supposed to be a cleaner, more modern Dhaka,” said Mahbub Alam, a private sector employee who commutes daily via metro.  “But now, under every station, it feels like the same old mess we were trying to get away from,” he said.  Shopkeepers near Karwan Bazar metro station are also struggling.  “It’s difficult for customers to walk through,” said Rina Akter, who runs a grocery nearby.  “The footpath is blocked by vendors, and the area is getting dirty again,” he said.  Urban experts point to a lack of post-construction planning. “If there had been a designated purpose for these spaces—like walkways, green zones, or small parks—this wouldn’t have happened,” said Dr Shafiq Rahman, a regular metro user. The open areas were originally planned to be used for public benefit. These included: Pedestrian Walkways Spaces were meant to allow smooth foot traffic under the tracks, giving people clear access without interference from street vendors. Green Spaces and Parks Some sections were to feature parks or green belts to beautify the area and give residents a break from the concrete jungle.  VAT waived on Dhaka Metro Rail tickets Parking Areas or Bicycle Stands Designated parking for two-wheelers and bicycles was also part of the plan, supporting eco-friendly commuting. Controlled Commercial Zones There was discussion of setting up regulated kiosks or retail booths to serve metro users. These would have been organised, not chaotic. Public Amenities Basic facilities such as seating, toilets, and information booths were also proposed to make metro travel more comfortable.  

With Eid-ul-Azha on the horizon, farmers and livestock rearers across Khulna are in full swing preparing sacrificial animals amid market uncertainty. This year, the supply has already exceeded local demand by 6,778 animals, highlighting both the region’s readiness and lingering concerns over market dynamics. According to the Department of Livestock Services, a total of 1,63,063 sacrificial animals have been prepared in Khulna’s nine upazilas and metropolitan areas. This number surpasses the projected demand of 1,56,285. While this indicates a well-prepared livestock sector, the surplus has notably decreased compared to last year, when 1,56,278 animals were available against a demand of 1,34,443—leaving a surplus of 21,835. Political Change Linked to Shrinking Surplus Stakeholders have attributed this decline in surplus to political changes that took place after August 5 of last year. According to sources, many investors with affiliations to the previous ruling party pulled out of the livestock business following the shift in power, causing the shutdown of several commercial farms across the region. Despite this, livestock officials remain optimistic. They say that in the event of an unforeseen shortfall, support from neighbouring districts would help bridge the gap. Grassroots Still Leading Production Most of the prepared animals have come from grassroots farms and individual households, which collectively raised 1,36,063 animals. The breakdown includes 42,393 bulls, 12,040 oxen, 14,505 cows, 246 buffaloes, 79,583 goats, 14,202 sheep, and 62 other animals.  Khulna University students stage protest over assault on a teacher On an upazila-wise basis, Dumuria leads with 79,954 animals, followed by Koyra with 18,131, Terokhada with 12,833, and Dacope with 11,725. Other areas include Batiaghata (11,452), Dighalia (7,143), Paikgachha (6,429), Phultala (4,128), Rupsha (4,535), and the metropolitan region (6,733). Health Concerns Cast Shadow Over Eid Preparations Amidst the enthusiasm, fears are growing over a potential outbreak of Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), a mosquito-borne virus that affects cattle. According to a February 24 report from the District Livestock Office, samples collected from 67 percent of the cattle population revealed infections in both indigenous and crossbred animals. Farmers worry the outbreak may hurt buyer confidence, thereby impacting peak season sales. Vaccine Shortage and Preventive Guidelines Dr Md Sharif Ul Islam, Director of the District Livestock Department, said that last year’s vaccinations were effective in controlling the disease. But, this year, Tk 400 vials containing 16 doses each are unavailable at upazila offices due to supply chain issues. In response, he urged farmers to follow best hygiene practices and consult veterinarians when needed. He strictly discouraged the use of steroid hormones or chemical enhancers in animal feed and advised against feeding poultry or broiler feed to cattle. He also recommended ensuring adequate ventilation and natural light in barns, particularly for heat-sensitive breeds like Australian Friesians. For such breeds, bathing two to three times a day is advised to prevent heatstroke, while other breeds generally require just one. Farmers were also advised to sprinkle water around barns and rooftops to maintain cooler conditions. Premium Cattle Still in High Demand Despite uncertainties, some farms are attracting buyers with high-quality animals. Kamal Hossain Sujan, manager of Bismillah Agro Farm in Gutudiar of Dumuria upazila, said their bulls and oxen are raised on balanced feed and without artificial enhancers. The farm currently houses 67 bulls, with prices ranging from Tk 60,000 to Tk 600,000.  Relaxed market monitoring post-Ramadan sends onion prices soaring in Khulna Md Siddique, manager of M/s Purabi Agro Farm in Batiaghata, said their 20 sacrificial cattle are priced between Tk 1,50,000 and Tk 12 lakh, reflecting strong demand for naturally reared premium animals. As Eid-ul-Azha draws closer, the region’s farmers remain hopeful that both the quantity and quality of their offerings will ensure a successful season, despite the looming challenges.

Bangladesh’s leather sector holds significant export potential and has access to high-quality raw leather from domestic sources, but it is facing stagnation due to persistent compliance issues, according to tanners and industry experts. Global buyers are refraining from importing leather goods from Bangladesh as the country’s leather industry continues to fall short in meeting compliance requirements. The sector has struggled to achieve substantial export growth owing to ongoing problems with waste management and effluent treatment standards. This failure to meet international environmental regulations has reportedly deterred foreign buyers and investors, thereby hindering the sector from realising its substantial potential in the global marketplace. To ensure effective oversight of this vital infrastructure, stakeholders have proposed placing the Central Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) under the direct supervision of the Prime Minister’s Office or the Bangladesh Export Processing Zones Authority (BEPZA). Talking to UNB, tanners and exporters voiced their concerns regarding longstanding issues in the leather sector, which have been widely discussed but remain unaddressed in terms of implementation. The Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC), the current overseeing body, is deemed unable to manage such a large and complex sector. Shakhawat Ullah, General Secretary of the Bangladesh Tanners Association, recalled the forced relocation of approximately 222 tanneries to the Savar Tannery Estate in 2017—at a time when the CETP was not yet operational and solid waste management systems were inadequate. He expressed disappointment that the industry’s hopes were dashed, as the relocation failed to deliver on the promise of a compliant and environmentally friendly industrial zone. Bangladesh loses $5 to 10bn in leather export for environmental issues: Experts Echoing these concerns, Shahin Ahmed, Chairman of the Bangladesh Tanners’ Association, called for the formation of a Leather Development Board under the Chief Adviser’s Office. He also criticised the inefficiency of the restructured waste management authority, noting that its managing director now visits the leather estate regularly but without visible improvements. Ahmed emphasised the ‘delicate condition’ of the CETP and the bureaucratic bottlenecks hindering progress on compliance, despite at least 20 tanneries having the potential to obtain Leather Working Group (LWG) certification. Md Diljahan Bhuiyan, Vice Chairman of the Bangladesh Finished Leather, Leather Goods and Footwear Exporters' Association (BFLLFEA), underlined the growing importance of LWG certification as a prerequisite for exporting leather goods. He acknowledged that while some leather industries are capable of meeting LWG standards, mismanagement and misguided policies by government entities have indirectly contributed to the sector’s decline by creating unnecessary barriers. According to export data, the leather sector’s earnings stood at US$1.13 billion in 2012, dropping to US$970 million in 2024. Despite abundant rawhide supply, other industries have seen significant development, whereas the leather industry has lagged behind. Dr Abu Eusuf, a Dhaka University professor, said the previous government had set an ambitious target of US$12 billion in leather exports by 2030, which would require a 40% growth rate. He pointed to the current stagnation since 2017 due to compliance failures and proposed a range of solutions, including the formation of a Leather Development Board, a functional CETP, facilitation of LWG certification for at least 15 factories, provision of low-interest loans, and the establishment of a Central Bonded Warehouse for the Tannery Industrial Estate. He stressed the importance of specialised technical knowledge and entrepreneurial skills for sustainable sectoral growth. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is also crucial to unlock the sector’s full potential. Mohammed Mizanur Rahman, Director of the Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology at Dhaka University, highlighted that Bangladesh produces 3% of the world’s raw materials and could potentially generate around US$15 billion in annual exports if properly utilised. He identified CETP non-compliance as a key obstacle and called for accountability for those responsible for its current shortcomings. Key Factors to Achieve Success Environmental Stewardship: Significant investments have been made in modern, eco-friendly tanneries located in designated industrial zones. These areas are equipped with advanced wastewater treatment systems, conform to strict international environmental standards (such as LWG certification), and promote resource-efficient practices. This has improved the global perception of the sector and attracted environmentally conscious buyers from Europe and North America. Bangladesh leather sector is 30 years behind: Speakers on Leather Day Product Diversification: While raw and semi-processed leather still contribute to export earnings, there has been a marked increase in the export of finished leather goods, including: Footwear: High-quality leather shoes (dress shoes, casual footwear, boots) are being produced for international brands and retailers, leveraging competitive labour costs and improved craftsmanship. Specialised segments such as safety and orthopaedic shoes are also gaining traction. Leather Accessories: Sophisticated leather bags (handbags, backpacks, travel bags), small leather goods (wallets, belts, gloves), and fashion accessories are enjoying strong export growth, driven by design innovation and alignment with international fashion trends. Leather Garments: High-end leather jackets, vests, and other apparel items are being manufactured, taking advantage of readily available high-quality finished leather. Skilled Workforce Development: Targeted training initiatives have enhanced workforce expertise in design, production, and quality control, enabling the creation of higher-quality goods that align with global standards and tastes. Strategic Partnerships: Stronger collaborations with international brands and retailers have led to the establishment of manufacturing units and sourcing hubs in Bangladesh, thanks to improvements in product quality and sustainability practices. Government Support: Supportive policies have promoted investment in technological upgrades, compliance with environmental standards, and workforce training through financial incentives and infrastructure development. Trade agreements and improved market access have also helped expand export destinations beyond traditional markets. Potential Export Destinations: Bangladesh’s diversified leather product exports now reach a broader range of countries, including: Traditional Markets: The EU (Italy, Germany, France), the USA, and Japan remain key destinations for finished leather goods. Emerging Markets: Demand from Asia (India, China, Southeast Asia), the Middle East, and Latin America is growing, offering new avenues for export growth. Sub-committee to be formed to address leather sector problems Specialised Markets: Niche markets worldwide are opening up for sustainable and ethically sourced leather products. Remaining Challenges: Supply Chain Traceability: Further development is required to ensure full traceability of leather from rawhide to finished goods, a key aspect of sustainability and ethical sourcing. Branding and Marketing: Investment in branding and marketing is needed to elevate the profile of "Made in Bangladesh" leather goods internationally. Technological Upgradation: Continued adoption of modern manufacturing technologies and automation is necessary to improve efficiency and product quality. Despite its challenges, Bangladesh’s leather sector is gradually transitioning from a supplier of raw materials to a significant exporter of high-quality, sustainable and diverse leather goods.

In the northern part of Chandpur Sadar upazila, relentless erosion by the Dhanagoda River over the past seven to eight years has erased a once-bustling rural road, leaving behind only a lonely, disconnected bailey bridge stranded on the riverbank. Constructed in 2001 by the aid agency CARE in Bishnupur village, the 60-foot-long steel bridge was part of a 5-kilometre earthen road that connected several localities. It once served as a lifeline for hundreds of residents — students, traders and patients — who relied on it daily to reach schools, markets and medical facilities in Matlab or even the Dhaka Medical College and Hospital. The road, once 18 feet wide and solid underfoot, now lives only in memory.The Dhanagoda River, a powerful tributary of the Meghna, has claimed around one kilometre of the route. As the waters carved away at the banks, they displaced lives, livelihoods and a vital artery of rural life. Locals such as Malek Gazi, Mokhles Gazi, Jahanara Begum, and members of the family of former Union Parishad Chairman Bari Master, lamented the losses they’ve endured. Their homes and farmlands have been consumed by the river. What remains is a bridge to nowhere and recollections of a path that once carried the heartbeat of the community. The road once linked BT Road to Bardiya-Aarong in Matlab Dakshin, stitching together villages including Bishnupur, Sofromali, Kanudi, Narayanpur and Farajikandi. It enabled trade, education, and access to essential services. Now, with the road gone, boats and lengthy detours are the only options, disrupting daily life for all. Seven years on, Sunamganj’s 'Friendship Bridge' remains incomplete “The road was necessary for daily life — for school, markets, and emergency transport. Now we must travel by boat or take longer routes, disrupting everything,” said Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, a local resident. Former UP member Arab Hazra, along with residents like Malek Gazi and Jahanara Begum, recalled how the bridge and the road were built together as a single project. “Now, the bridge stands alone in the middle of a river. There's nothing on either side,” said Hazra. Travellers and boat passengers often gaze in disbelief and ask, “Why is this bridge here? Where did the road go?” Despite repeated appeals to the authorities, the situation remains unresolved. While the Water Development Board has placed some sandbags in vulnerable areas, the erosion continues unabated, swallowing land and property. “We informed the local administration and highway department several times. They reassured us, but nothing was done finally,” Hazra added. In response, Executive Engineer of the Chandpur Water Development Board, Zahirul Islam, told UNB that a technical committee has been formed and a feasibility study is currently underway for a permanent embankment project. “Once the Ministry approves the project, construction can begin,” he said. Crucial Sylhet road and bridge collapse into Kushiyara amid relentless erosion For now, residents wait — many displaced, some still holding on — urging the authorities to take immediate and meaningful action before more land, homes, and memories vanish into the river’s grip.

Bangladesh’s fiscal stability faces mounting pressure as a pen-down strike by National Board of Revenue (NBR) officials exacerbates an already significant revenue shortfall, said economists. “Of course, revenue collection is being hampered due to the pen-down strike,” eminent economist Professor Abu Ahmed, also the Director and Chairman of the Investment Corporation of Bangladesh, told UNB on Tuesday. He, however, said it is not justified for government officials in such high positions to resort to strikes. Responding to a query about possible ways to recover the losses, Abu Ahmed said there is no scope to recoup the losses incurred. The strike, initiated in response to the government’s recent decision to dissolve the NBR and establish two separate entities—the Revenue Management Division (RMD) and the Revenue Policy Division (RPD)—has disrupted tax collection processes nationwide. The government’s move to restructure the NBR formalised through a presidential ordinance on May 13, 2025, aims to enhance efficiency in revenue collection and policy formulation. But, the abrupt transition has been met with resistance from NBR employees, who express concerns over job security and the potential dilution of their roles within the new framework. The pen-down strike has led to significant delays in processing tax returns, customs clearances, and VAT collections. NBR Reform Unity Council suspends pen-down programme This industrial action compounds existing challenges in revenue mobilization. In the first half of the fiscal year 2024–25, the NBR reported a 25% decline in revenue collection compared to the same period in the previous year, amounting to a shortfall of approximately Tk 57,724 crore. The revenue collection target upto March 2025 was Tk 322,151 crore while the collection is Tk 256,486 crore. The downturn is attributed to a combination of political unrest, decreased imports and systemic inefficiencies within the tax administration. Economists warn that the ongoing strike could further impede revenue collection efforts, potentially widening the fiscal deficit. The Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) projects that if current trends persist, the revenue shortfall could reach Tk 105,000 crore by the end of the fiscal year. Such a deficit may compel the government to curtail public expenditures or increase borrowing, thereby affecting economic growth and development initiatives. In response to the crisis, Finance Ministry officials have initiated dialogues with representatives of the striking employees to address their grievances and facilitate a smooth transition to the new organisational structure. Besides, the government is exploring interim measures to maintain essential revenue collection functions during the strike. The situation remains fluid, with stakeholders closely monitoring developments. The resolution of the strike and the successful implementation of the new revenue divisions are critical to restoring confidence in Bangladesh’s fiscal management and ensuring the continuity of essential public services. Finance Adviser to discuss NBR reforms with officials Tuesday “There’s no doubt the pen-down strike has caused losses,” a senior NBR official told UNB on condition of anonymity. “But once the situation is resolved, much of that can be recovered, as the pending revenue tasks will still need to be completed. If an amicable solution is reached soon, covering the shortfall shouldn’t be a major challenge,” he added.

As rivers dry up and new lands emerge in Faridpur, horse carts and motorbikes have become vital tools for survival in its remote char areas. In Faridpur, a south-central district of Bangladesh crisscrossed by major rivers such as the Padma, Madhumati and Arial Kha, the emergence of charlands has become a permanent reality where around 1,00,000 people now reside across 13 union parishads situated on these riverine islands. As agriculture dwindles due to erratic weather and declining water levels, and fishing becomes less viable, locals have adapted.  For many, that adaptation has come in the form of horse carts and motorbikes—unconventional but vital lifelines for transport and trade. Once reliant on ox carts to transport goods and people, char dwellers found the slow, cumbersome method ill-suited to the long and sandy trails that now criss-cross the region.  In recent years, horse carts and motorbikes have emerged as more efficient alternatives. “The harsh geography of the chars makes traditional travel nearly impossible,” said Rakib Sheikh, a horse cart operator in Char Harirampur, a part of the Padma river charland under Charbhadrasan Upazila.  “There are no proper roads and during most of the year, it’s just sand. But we still need to move goods and people,” he said. Tradition in Threads: Faridpur villages weave legacy through palm leaf fans Despite the challenges—navigating deep sand, soft muddy stretches and an absence of basic infrastructure—these vehicles are now central to the region’s informal economy.  Riders and cart drivers earn between Tk 1,000 and Tk 3,000 per day, depending on the season and workload.  A horse cart can carry up to 800 kilogrammes of goods across the uneven terrain, while a motorbike often carries up to two passengers. Residents’ Hardship Access remains the biggest hurdle for char residents. Mahbuba Parvin and Jakibur Hossain, teachers at Char Salepur Government Primary School, said during the dry season, the char becomes almost entirely disconnected. “People are compelled to rely on horse carts, motorbikes and boats to access markets, schools or health services. Yet these modes of transport often become risky, especially when navigating soft, shifting sands,” said Mahbuba. Due to poor agricultural output and decreasing fish stocks, many residents have been forced to shift professions.  “The younger generation is increasingly turning to transport work,” said Md Habibur Rahman, an assistant teacher at Char Salepur High School. Adverse weather pushes up jute cultivation costs in Faridpur, farmers fear losses “These vehicles are not just a means of mobility—they're a livelihood now," he said.  Climate’s Contribution  “Climate change is not a distant threat—it’s here, transforming our rivers and our lives,” said Khondaker Mahfuzul Alam Milon, a cultural activist and environmentalist from Faridpur.  “Desertification is creeping in and water only flows during the monsoon months. The rest of the year, the rivers are dry, the chars are dusty plains and the number of emerging charlands is increasing," he said.  He underscored the importance of both government and community initiatives to improve the lives of char dwellers.  “To improve living conditions on the chars, we need a combined effort from the state and society. And those illegally extracting sand from rivers, disrupting their natural flow, must be held accountable under strict laws,” he added. Faridpur farmers hope for bumper onion harvest this season    

Spending behaviour among Bangladeshi credit card users abroad is undergoing a significant transformation, with notable decreases in expenditure in India and a surge in transactions in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia. According to the latest figures from Bangladesh Bank, the total overseas expenditure by Bangladeshi credit card holders fell to Tk 361 crore in March 2025, a 6.25% drop from February’s Tk 385 crore. The year-on-year comparison paints an even starker picture: in March 2024, the figure stood at Tk 503 crore, Tk 142 crore higher than the current year’s amount. Spending in India Plummets Perhaps the most dramatic shift has occurred in India, historically one of the top destinations for Bangladeshi credit card usage. In March 2025, card transactions in India dropped to just Tk 27.60 crore, a steep 72.26% fall from Tk 106 crore in March 2024. Analysts attribute this decline to a combination of factors, including stricter border controls, visa complications, and a growing preference for other international destinations. Diplomatic tensions are also cited as a key reason. Since 5 August of last year, India has suspended issuing tourist visas to Bangladeshis following the fall of the Sheikh Hasina government. No timeline has been given for when tourist visas will resume. Besides, India has placed restrictions on certain exports to Bangladesh and limited the transit of Bangladeshi goods through Indian territory. These actions have severely impacted travel plans for Bangladeshis who frequently visited Indian cities such as Kolkata, Delhi, Darjeeling, Sikkim and Meghalaya. Indian High Commissioner to Dhaka, Pranay Verma, said visas are currently being issued only for urgent needs due to staff shortages at the embassy. Bangladeshis’ credit card spending: Thailand overtakes India as 2nd most preferred destination Tourist visas would be reconsidered once normal operations resume. In the meantime, medical and third-country visa applications made in India are being prioritized, he added. Rising Transactions in US, UK and Saudi Arabia While India sees a decline, other countries are recording higher levels of spending. The United States now tops the list for Bangladeshi overseas credit card usage, with March expenditures reaching Tk 57.40 crore, up from Tk 52.30 crore in February. The United Kingdom follows, with spending increasing from Tk 30 crore in February to Tk 36 crore in March. Saudi Arabia, often associated with Hajj and other religious travel, comes in third with Tk 35 crore in March, a notable rise from Tk 24 crore in the previous month. Bangladesh Bank officials suggest that this redistribution of spending reflects a broader trend. "Whether it’s for business, personal needs, children's education, or medical treatment, Bangladeshis previously had a greater reliance on a specific country. Maximum interest rate on credit cards raised to 25% This dependence is now spreading across various countries worldwide. Consequently, credit card transactions have naturally increased in those other nations. This is a very normal change," said Arif Hossain Khan, Executive Director and spokesperson for Bangladesh Bank. Other Destinations Show Mixed Trends Thailand, another favoured destination among Bangladeshis, has also seen a drop in card spending. Transactions there decreased sharply from Tk 46 crore in February to Tk 22 crore in March. This trend indicates a shift in both travel preferences and spending behaviour, potentially driven by changes in visa policies, diplomatic relations, and personal or professional needs abroad. Domestic Credit Card Usage on the Rise In contrast to the dip in international usage, domestic credit card transactions have witnessed a significant rise. In March 2025, domestic transactions stood at Tk 3,755 crore, marking a 26.52% increase from February’s Tk 2,968 crore. Bangladesh Bank’s report identifies the top 11 sectors for domestic credit card use: departmental stores, service bill payments, retail purchases, cash withdrawals, clothing, pharmaceuticals, fund transfers, transportation, business and professional services, and government service payments. Notably, spending decreased in all sectors in November except for cash withdrawals. Bangladeshi overseas credit card spending drops by over 10% in May Regarding card types, Visa remains the most used, accounting for 73% of transactions, followed by Mastercard at 18%, and American Express (Amex) at 9%. As global and domestic financial landscapes continue to shift, these new credit card usage patterns offer insights into how geopolitical dynamics and consumer behaviour are reshaping the spending habits of Bangladeshis both at home and abroad.