A recent genetic study of Asian elephants in northern Cambodia has revealed a larger and healthier population than previously estimated, offering renewed hope for the recovery of the endangered species.

Conducted by the Fauna & Flora conservation group, the study involved collecting DNA samples from elephant dung in Cambodia’s northern plains. The analysis allowed researchers to identify individual elephants, estimate population size, determine their sex, and assess genetic diversity.

The findings suggest that 51 elephants inhabit the Prey Lang, Preah Roka, and Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuaries. Researchers also found that these elephants exhibit greater genetic diversity—an essential factor for long-term survival—compared to populations in other parts of the country.

“With adequate habitat still available in the region, this population has the potential to expand if effectively protected,” the report states.

Cambodia is home to an estimated 400 to 600 wild Asian elephants. The study highlights northern Cambodia as a potential "national stronghold" for the species, reinforcing the country’s biodiversity conservation efforts.

Elephants can't pursue their release from a Colorado zoo because they're not human, court says

However, habitat degradation and fragmentation remain significant concerns, said Pablo Sinovas, director of Fauna & Flora in Cambodia. He emphasized that the study provides a solid foundation for future conservation and landscape management efforts.

The research, funded by USAID and Britain’s People's Postcode Lottery, was conducted in collaboration with Cambodia’s Environment Ministry. Genetic testing took place at the Royal University of Phnom Penh, with technical assistance from the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland.

Although the fieldwork was completed during the 2020-21 dry season, Sinovas noted that the slow reproductive rate of elephants means population numbers have likely remained stable since then.

Encouraged by these findings, researchers hope to replicate the study in other areas of Cambodia and neighboring countries like Vietnam, where elephant populations are more fragmented.

“We were pleasantly surprised by the results,” said Alex Ball, conservation manager at the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland.

Train hits and kills 2 wild elephants in Sri Lanka as 2 of its fuel-carrying tankers derail

“Our goal is to expand this approach across Cambodia and beyond to gain a clearer understanding of Asian elephant populations, which will guide efforts to reverse their decline.”

Source: With input from agency