Russia is reportedly transferring upgraded drones to Iran, including advanced versions of the Iranian drone technology Moscow previously acquired for use in Ukraine, U.S. and European officials told The Associated Press.

The move comes as Iran has been conducting drone attacks on Israel, Gulf countries, and U.S. bases across the Middle East following recent U.S.-Israeli strikes. While Tehran maintains its own Shahed drones, Russian enhancements reportedly include improved navigation, AI piloting, jet engines, cameras, anti-jamming systems, and satellite-linked communication capabilities.

European officials said discussions between Russian and Iranian authorities have been “very active” this month regarding drone transfers, though the exact number of drones and method of delivery remain unclear. Some shipments may be disguised as humanitarian aid via trucks or rail through Azerbaijan, according to intelligence reports.

Moscow and Tehran are also sharing targeting and intelligence data. Russian specialists have adapted the Shahed drones, creating decoys and advanced variants intended to overwhelm air defenses, while Iran provides information in return, including on military developments.

A U.S. defense official noted that any delivery of advanced drones to Iran could complicate U.S. and allied efforts to intercept attacks in the region, particularly if the drones are jet-propelled or equipped with AI and Starlink-linked guidance systems.

Russia and Iran signed a $1.7 billion deal for Shahed drones after Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Production and refinement of the drones in Russia has continued, creating capabilities that could influence ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, officials said.