Details of the operation at the Olivos medical center were not given but Maradona has long suffered from arthritis in both knees.
"The operation on Diego Maradona's right knee has just finished. Everything went perfectly. Now the recovery begins," said the 58-year-old's attorney, Matias Morla, in a social media post.
Maradona, who last month ended an 11-month spell as head coach of Mexican second division side Dorados, has suffered a series of health issues since ending his playing career in 1997.
In 2004, the 1986 World Cup winner was hospitalized with severe heart and respiratory problems related to a long battle with drug addiction. He has also undergone two gastric bypass operations to control his weight and received treatment for alcohol abuse.
In January, the former Boca Juniors, Barcelona and Napoli forward had surgery to stem bleeding in his stomach.
According to Argentine press reports, Maradona will also undergo shoulder surgery in the coming weeks.