United News of Bangladesh

Scientists have developed a new method to explore the deep history of Australia’s landscapes, offering insights into past climate changes, geological activity, and potential mineral deposits. Researchers from Curtin University’s Timescales of Mineral Systems Group, in collaboration with the University of Göttingen and the University of Cologne, studied microscopic zircon crystals collected from ancient beach sands. Zircon is an extremely durable mineral that can survive millions of years of weathering and erosion while preserving clues about its geological past. The team focused on krypton gas trapped inside these zircon grains. This rare gas forms when cosmic rays — high-energy particles from space — strike minerals near the Earth’s surface. By measuring krypton levels, scientists could estimate how long zircon grains stayed near the surface before burial. This “cosmic clock” provides a timeline of how landscapes eroded and changed over millions of years. Lead author Dr. Maximilian Dröllner said the method allows study of landscapes far older than previously possible. “Our planet’s history shows climate and tectonic forces shape landscapes over very long timescales. This research helps us understand the effects of sea-level changes and deep Earth movements,” he said. The study found that when regions remain tectonically stable with high sea levels, erosion slows, and sediments can be reworked repeatedly for millions of years. Professor Chris Kirkland, a co-author, said the findings are important for land management and planning. Associate Professor Milo Barham highlighted the implications for Australia’s mineral resources, noting that long-term sediment storage allows durable minerals to concentrate, helping explain the country’s rich mineral sand deposits. The research, published in PNAS, offers a fresh perspective on landscape evolution and resource formation, providing scientists with a tool to better understand both past and future environmental changes. Source: Science Daily