United News of Bangladesh

Several alarming incidents have recently been reported in Dhaka, where unsuspecting pedestrians became victims of criminals using "Devil's Breath." According to eyewitness accounts, strangers approached passersby, asking for directions while holding slips of paper with addresses written on them. Moments later, victims reportedly lost awareness, willingly handing over valuables to the perpetrators without resistance. Authorities have expressed growing concern over the rising frequency of crimes involving this substance, known to swiftly incapacitate individuals, making them easy targets for robbery and theft. What is Devil’s Breath? Devil’s Breath, also known as scopolamine or burundanga, is a powerful and dangerous drug derived from the seeds of the Borrachero shrub, common in the South American country of Colombia. The drug is a tropane alkaloid with potent anticholinergic effects, often used by criminals to incapacitate victims, rendering them highly suggestible and unable to resist.  When administered in large doses, it causes amnesia, confusion, hallucinations, and loss of free will, making victims easy targets for robbery, assault, or even worse crimes. Unlike common misconceptions, Devil’s Breath is typically ingested through food or drink rather than being absorbed through the skin or inhaled. The drug blocks muscarinic receptors in the brain, disrupting cognitive functions and leading to severe disorientation. Read more: Should You Drink Hot or Cold Water? In medical settings, scopolamine is used in small doses to treat motion sickness, nausea, and gastrointestinal disorders, but when misused, it becomes a dangerous tool for criminals. Victims often wake up with no memory of the events, making it difficult to report or prosecute the crimes.  How to Stay Safe from Devil’s Breath? . Be Cautious with Strangers Criminals often pose as friendly individuals to gain your trust. They may offer assistance, ask for directions, or hand you an object laced with the substance. You should avoid accepting anything from strangers, especially in unfamiliar environments. If someone insists on handing you something, politely refuse and walk away. Never Accept Food or Drinks from Strangers One of the most common methods of administering Devil’s Breath is by spiking food or beverages. If you are in a public place such as a nightclub, or restaurant, always keep an eye on your food and drink. It is important to never accept drinks or food from strangers, and if you leave your drink unattended, discard it immediately. Read more: How to Fix Your Sleep Routine: Know the Do's and Don'ts Stay Alert in Crowded Places Busy environments such as public transport stations, markets, and tourist attractions provide an ideal setting for criminals to operate unnoticed. You need to be aware of your surroundings and stay vigilant. If you feel dizzy, disoriented, or excessively drowsy, seek help immediately from a trusted individual or law enforcement officer. Use Secure Transportation Unlicensed taxis and unverified ride-sharing services pose significant risks. Many cases of Devil’s Breath-related crimes involve victims being drugged in unauthorized vehicles. So, it is highly recommended to always use official transport services, verify the driver’s identity, and avoid getting into a vehicle with strangers, especially at night. Travel in Groups There is safety in numbers. Traveling with friends or family reduces the likelihood of being targeted. If you must go out alone, inform someone of your whereabouts and estimated return time. Also, you should avoid isolated areas and stay in well-lit public spaces. Read more: How to Stay Safe from Snakes During and After Flood   Wear a Face Mask or Cover Your Nose and Mouth Since Devil’s Breath can be administered in powdered form and blown into a victim’s face, wearing a mask provides a protective barrier. If you suspect someone is trying to use this method on you, cover your nose and mouth immediately and leave the area. Trust Your Instincts If a situation feels unsafe or someone’s behavior seems suspicious, you should remove yourself from the environment immediately. It is better to avoid engaging with strangers who make you uncomfortable and do not hesitate to seek help if needed. Secure Your Home and Accommodation Criminals may use Devil’s Breath in home invasions by blowing it through windows or air vents. It is necessary to ensure that doors and windows are locked, especially at night. If staying in a hotel or Airbnb, confirm that the place has adequate security measures in place. Read more: Effective Home Remedies to Combat Bad Breath Be Mindful of Personal Items Try to avoid handling unfamiliar objects given to you by strangers. Items such as business cards, flyers, money, or papers could be laced with Devil’s Breath. If you must handle such objects, wash your hands thoroughly afterward and avoid touching your face. Avoid Public Displays of Wealth Carrying large amounts of cash, expensive jewelry, or high-end gadgets makes you a target. Criminals are more likely to use Devil’s Breath on individuals they perceive as wealthy. It would be better to opt for digital payments and keep valuables concealed in public places. Stay Informed and Educate Others Knowledge is one of the best defenses against criminal activities. Stay updated on reports of Devil’s Breath incidents in your area and share safety tips with friends, family, and colleagues. Awareness helps prevent more people from falling victim. Read more: How to Teach Students to Accept and Overcome Academic Failures Have Emergency Contacts Ready It is a must to save emergency numbers in your phone and keep a physical copy as well. In case of an emergency, you should be able to reach out to law enforcement, medical services, or a trusted friend or family member. Know the Symptoms of Exposure If you suspect you have been exposed to Devil’s Breath, recognizing the symptoms early can be life-saving. Symptoms include confusion, dizziness, hallucinations, dry mouth, blurred vision, and loss of muscle control. If you experience these effects, seek medical help immediately and inform healthcare providers of the suspected exposure. Seek Medical Attention Immediately If you or someone you know has been drugged, get medical assistance as soon as possible. Time is critical, and healthcare professionals can provide necessary treatment to minimize the effects. It is suggested to avoid going home alone, as symptoms may worsen over time. Read more: Strategies for Cooling Your Roof During Intense Summer Heat Report Suspicious Activity If you encounter suspicious individuals or situations that suggest an attempted Devil’s Breath attack, report them to the authorities. Providing information can help prevent future incidents and protect others. Final Words Staying safe from Devil’s Breath requires awareness, vigilance, and preventive measures. By being cautious with strangers, securing your belongings, and recognizing the signs of exposure, you can reduce the risk of becoming a victim. Always trust your instincts, seek medical help if needed, and educate others about the dangers of this dangerous substance. Your safety and well-being depend on your preparedness and awareness.  Read more: Circadian Rhythm: How to Reset the Biological Master Clock

Cholesterol plays a crucial role in assessing heart health, as it is a key factor in cardiovascular medical tests. While LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," is widely recognized, emerging research suggests that another type—remnant cholesterol—may be a more precise indicator of heart attack and stroke risk.  What is Remnant Cholesterol? Dr Sandeep Khasa, a cardiologist at Ujala Cygnus Group of Hospitals, explains that remnant cholesterol is found in the remnants of lipoproteins left after triglycerides are extracted from very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs). Unlike LDL cholesterol, which primarily transports cholesterol to tissues, remnant cholesterol is more likely to contribute to arterial plaque buildup, making it highly atherogenic.  Why is Remnant Cholesterol Significant? Elevated levels of remnant cholesterol are strongly linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, even in individuals with normal LDL cholesterol levels. According to Dr. Khasa, this is due to the behavior of remnant lipoproteins, which are more prone to accumulating in arterial walls, triggering inflammation and plaque formation—key contributors to atherosclerosis. Unlike LDL cholesterol, these lipoproteins tend to persist longer in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of arterial damage.  Study reveals why brain inflammation in Alzheimer’s differs from regular infections How Does It Impact Heart Health? Given its strong association with cardiovascular issues, doctors are increasingly considering remnant cholesterol in heart disease risk assessments. Managing its levels may require lifestyle changes, including a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and, in some cases, medication. Dr. Khasa emphasizes that incorporating remnant cholesterol into standard cholesterol tests can lead to early intervention, helping prevent heart attacks and strokes.  By recognizing the significance of remnant cholesterol, healthcare providers can take proactive measures to safeguard heart health. Source: with inputs from Hindustan Times

A new study has shed light on the differences between how the immune system responds to Alzheimer's-related inflammation compared to infections. While inflammation is a key immune response, in Alzheimer's disease, it becomes chronic and harmful rather than short-term and protective. Researchers have been working to understand why this prolonged immune reaction occurs. The findings, presented at the 69th Biophysical Society Annual Meeting in Los Angeles, highlight crucial variations in immune activity when exposed to Alzheimer’s-related proteins versus bacterial infections. How the immune system reacts The research focuses on how immune cells respond to amyloid-beta (Ab) plaques, a defining feature of Alzheimer's, and how this differs from their reaction to bacterial toxins. "Bacteria cannot directly enter the brain due to the blood-brain barrier," explained Arpan Dey, PhD, a postdoctoral associate at the University of Cambridge. "However, small proteins might be mimicking bacterial activity in the brain, triggering inflammation that contributes to dementia." Dey and his colleagues used immune cell models and exposed them to either Ab aggregates or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial toxin that strongly activates immune responses. They specifically studied the formation of myddosomes, structures that play a key role in initiating inflammation. Can sleep position affect your heart and brain health? Their results showed that larger Ab clusters prompted significant myddosome formation, whereas smaller clusters failed to do so even after prolonged exposure. This suggests that the size of Ab aggregates is a crucial factor in triggering an immune response in Alzheimer’s. On the other hand, LPS caused a much faster and more intense myddosome reaction than even the largest Ab clumps. This difference in speed and strength may explain why inflammation in Alzheimer’s is persistent and prolonged, whereas infection-related inflammation is typically brief and resolves quickly. "Our research highlights a fundamental difference in how the brain’s immune system reacts to bacterial infections versus amyloid-beta aggregates," said Dey. "The slower, sustained immune activation in Alzheimer’s may be a key factor in its chronic inflammation." The researchers now plan to investigate myddosome markers in blood samples from dementia patients and brain tissue from the UK Brain Bank. By uncovering the mechanisms behind Alzheimer’s inflammation, they hope to aid in the development of treatments targeting chronic neuroinflammation. "This study opens new possibilities for drug discovery," Dey added. "By identifying and targeting inflammatory pathways, we may develop therapies to slow the progression of Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases." Source: with inputs from Indian Media

There's no question about whether sleep is important for heart and brain health. Study after study has shown that it is. Questions about the importance of how you sleep – on your back, on your side, on your stomach – haven't been asked nearly as often. But experts say sleep position can indeed matter, at least in some situations. In general, sleep position is a matter of personal preference, said Dr. Rachel Salas, a sleep neurologist at the Johns Hopkins Center for Sleep and Wellness in Baltimore. Initially, she said, it's like Goldilocks: People gravitate toward whatever feels just right. But that can evolve over time. Your bedroom, your mattress, where your windows are and who you sleep with can all affect your choices, said Dr. Susan Redline, the Peter C. Farrell Professor of Sleep Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. So can injuries or chronic pain, said Redline, who also is a professor of epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. But while you can make a conscious choice about which position you start out in each night, Salas said, "not a lot" of research has been done on the effects of that choice. Key questions that can help to maintain balance as you age Researchers have looked at sleep position in people with heart failure, a condition where the heart does not pump effectively. People with heart failure often experience shortness of breath that worsens when they sleep on their left side, Salas said, leading many to prefer their right. But she said sleeping on the left side might be better for people with gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, the symptoms of which can sometimes be confused with heart issues. Sleeping on the left side also is known to help blood flow in pregnant women. Some research has looked into how sleep position might affect how the brain removes waste. "But I don't think there's anything ready for prime time," said Dr. Devin L. Brown, a professor of neurology at the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor. One of the best-understood connections between sleep position and heart and brain health involves sleep apnea, where breathing stops and restarts during slumber, Redline said. "Most people with sleep apnea have much, much worse sleep apnea when they sleep on their back versus on their sides." Sleep apnea affects cardiovascular health in several ways, she said. As the body works harder to pull in air, it triggers a stress response. Apnea can also raise carbon dioxide levels in the blood and interfere with deep sleep. Obstructive sleep apnea, a type that stems from anatomical issues, has been associated with irregular heartbeats, high blood pressure and other problems. It also is a risk factor for stroke, said Brown, who, along with Redline, helped write a 2024 American Heart Association scientific statement on the role optimal sleep may have on brain health. A 2011 clinical trial published in the journal Sleep Medicine, co-written by Brown, found avoiding the supine (face-up) position modestly reduced the severity of apnea in people who'd had a stroke. "We don't know, however, if treatment to avoid supine positioning, or any other treatment for sleep apnea, helps reduce the risk of stroke," she said. Setting boundaries at workplace improves health and well-being According to a 2021 AHA scientific statement that both Redline and Brown contributed to, sleep apnea affects approximately 34% of middle-aged men and 17% of middle-aged women, and many cases are undiagnosed. "There are people who have what we call positional obstructive sleep apnea, meaning that they only have apnea in a certain position," Salas said. Most of the time that's when they are back-sleepers. To combat that problem, Salas and Redline noted the availability of a range of products, from electronic devices that wake people when they roll onto their backs to shirts with pockets in the back for a tennis ball, which can encourage sleepers to shift into another position if they roll over. "I think the bottom line for most people is if they have sleep apnea, sleeping on your side, in most cases, may be very helpful," Redline said. And if you don't have sleep apnea or snore, sleeping in a position you feel most comfortable in and where you wake least frequently "is probably the simplest common-sense advice." She emphasized the importance of sleep. Most adults should average seven to nine hours of sleep each night, according to the AHA. "We know now that sleep really touches every body system, including the heart and the brain, and it does so through influencing the health of our blood vessels, the health of our immune system," and much more, Redline said. Salas said people "should definitely be aware of and reflect on what position they're sleeping in." People get into habits and can be reluctant to experiment with position in pursuit of better sleep, but Salas encourages them to do so. A change as simple as replacing a decades-old pillow or putting a rolled towel between their knees to help with back pain, can make a difference, she said. Morning coffee may lower risk of early death, study finds If you can't find a comfortable position, don't ignore that, Salas said. If a patient tells her they can't breathe when they sleep flat, or they have to sleep in a recliner, it's a sign that "there definitely could be something more serious going on." If you feel like you're getting enough sleep at night but still fall asleep during meetings or movies, talk to a health care professional, Salas suggested. No matter the position, sleep needs to be a priority, she said, and "only you can make sleep a priority. Nobody else can do that for you." American Heart Association News covers heart and brain health. Not all views expressed in this story reflect the official position of the American Heart Association. Copyright is owned or held by the American Heart Association, Inc., and all rights are reserved.

Taking a shower, grocery shopping, moving around the kitchen, getting dressed, the underappreciated link between these mundane activities is good balance, which geriatricians say is key to maintaining an independent lifestyle as we age. In the US, about three million older people seek medical care for fall-related injuries each year, according to the Centers for Disease Control. But falls are not inevitable, said Roopa Anmolsingh, a geriatrician who created the Cleveland Clinic’s balance classes. “Some people have a misconception that part of getting old is, you’re going to fall. That’s not true,” Anmolsingh said. “You can control how you fall, or if you fall.” To prevent falls, geriatricians say people should start asking themselves questions about their balance as early as 50 years old. Do I ever feel unsteady? Besides muscles and bones, other systems in the body can affect balance, so it’s important to have a doctor check you if you ever feel unsteady, even if only occasionally. The cause could be related to blood pressure, a medication, inner-ear function, a nervous system issue or countless other potential problems. Setting boundaries at workplace improves health and well-being Even if unsteadiness is not an issue, you can determine whether you still might need an intervention with an easy at-home assessment. Standing next to a wall or something that can lend support if needed, raise one leg. If you can balance on each leg for 10 seconds, you should be fine, said Greg W. Hartley, a University of Miami professor of physical therapy specializing in geriatrics. “If you can’t do that, then you should probably go see a physical therapist,” he said. Another assessment, which Hartley recommended doing supervised, is called TUG, for “timed up and go.” Sit in a chair and start a timer when you stand. Walk 10 feet (3 meters), come back and stop the timer upon sitting back down. If it takes longer than 15 seconds, the risk for a fall is very high. Twelve seconds or less, the likelihood of a fall is almost zero. The National Council on Aging offers an online resource to assess the risk of a fall with questions about medications, whether you worry about falling and if you have trouble stepping over a curb, among others. What can I do to improve balance? Because muscle mass begins to decline in most people during their 30s, geriatricians say the best way to preserve good balance is to stay physically active throughout life. But it’s never too late to start prioritizing it, Anmolsingh said. Tai chi and yoga are particularly good for older adults because they involve controlled movements while shifting body weight. There also are individual exercises people can work into their everyday lives. Morning coffee may lower risk of early death, study finds Anmolsingh recommended standing on one foot while waiting in line at the grocery store. At home, try sitting up and down from a chair several times without using arm rests. While holding onto a chair or the wall, do three-way leg lifts on each side, lifting a leg to the front, side and then back. At the kitchen counter, take a few steps to the side in each direction. How often should I do the exercises? For general physical activity, which will improve balance as well as mood and overall health, the National Institute of Aging recommends at least 150 minutes per week. That should include a mixture of stretching to improve flexibility, an aerobic activity increasing the heart rate and strength training with weights or resistance bands. For balance-specific exercises, it’s particularly important to do them regularly because it takes at least 50 hours of training to have a measurable impact, Hartley said. Besides strengthening the associated muscles, doing exercises repetitively for extended periods trains the brain to react properly when you slip or trip. “Just like an athlete needs to do repetition to train for a sport, you’re doing repetition to train for everyday balance activities,” he said.

Early in his career, Justin Stewart balanced multiple jobs to make ends meet. He worked as a full-time news show production assistant from 3 a.m. until noon, then rushed to another job renting cars at an airport or pulling shifts in retail stores, reports AP. At times, he even slept in his car between jobs. Eventually, he was hospitalised for exhaustion and a staph infection. Morning coffee may lower risk of early death, study finds “While people around me admired my hustle, I paid the price in the end,” Stewart recalled. “The doctor told me, ‘You’re too young to be this stressed. You need to quit something.’” Now 36, Stewart began setting boundaries. He let go of side jobs, realising he could manage without extra income. If colleagues contacted him after hours, he made it clear he was off-duty and offered an alternative contact. Setting boundaries in work and life can be difficult. Many struggle to say no, particularly to a manager, while others enjoy the satisfaction of being needed or pleasing others. Should You Drink Hot or Cold Water? However, experts emphasise that learning to decline requests is crucial for safeguarding physical and mental health. Like any new skill, establishing boundaries becomes easier with practice. Well-being experts and organisational behaviour specialists, along with other workers, shared strategies for setting limits. Schedule Intentionally Although adding tasks to your calendar may seem counterproductive when trying to reduce your workload, it can help you take better control of your time. Bobby Dutton, founder of event production company GBM6, uses a method called “aggressive calendaring.” He schedules tasks he’s prone to procrastinate on, like handling contracts, for every Monday at 2 p.m. To avoid overload, he also books time for regular tasks such as making coffee, walking the dog, and eating lunch. Prepare a Script For those unaccustomed to saying no, it can help to write down what you’ll say and rehearse it. Stewart practised informing colleagues when his workload became overwhelming, using phrases like “This is a lot for me” or “You gave me seven stories; I can manage four or five.” Cara Houser, a workplace engagement coach, suggests you don’t need to justify your refusal. You can simply say you’re unavailable at that time, followed by “Thanks for asking, and I hope to have more capacity next time.” If the person argues, Houser advises responding with, “I understand how you feel. But I’ve decided to handle things this way today.” Entrepreneur Amber Krasinski, raised in a working-class environment where refusing a boss could mean losing pay, often uses “Not yet” when turning down a project. “That phrase has helped me in many situations,” she said. This underused type of care can help in stroke recovery, report says Know Your Limits It can be tempting to agree right away when asked to help, but sometimes stepping back is the better choice. Before responding to a new request, take five minutes to assess your workload, energy, and priorities, suggests Israa Nasir, a New York-based psychotherapist. Nasir recalls how a former boss would frequently text work-related queries at 10 p.m. on weekends. Instead of saying, “Don’t text me,” she proposed, “Can we check in before the weekend so I can plan my time?” Nasir also advises keeping track of activities or interactions that leave you feeling drained. Add these to a “No List” — a tool to help decide when to decline, though it doesn’t mean you reject every request. Use Technology Wisely Mobile devices make it easier to work from anywhere, but they can blur the line between work and personal time. However, there are ways to limit distractions. After realising she checked email too often on weekends, Nasir moved her Gmail app to the second page of her iPhone from Friday night to Sunday night. Email signatures can also help manage expectations. Candice Pokk, a senior consultant in organisational effectiveness at Segal, includes a “Well-Being Notice” in her emails that reads, “Receiving this email outside normal working hours? I’ve sent this at a time that works for me. Please respond when it suits you.” Be Selective About Meetings With online meetings becoming more common, it’s easy for others to fill your calendar with invitations. Accepting all invites can leave little time for other tasks. Janine Pelosi, CEO of video technology company Neat, believes workers should feel free to leave meetings that aren’t relevant, if the work environment allows it. If unsure about the value of a meeting, Pelosi recommends requesting an agenda or asking for the desired outcome in advance. Set Time Limits Lori Perkins, 65, worked long hours until a cancer diagnosis changed her routine. During chemotherapy, she could only manage about four hours a day, feeling sluggish and drained. After treatment, Perkins realised she would survive and questioned whether she wanted to continue at the same pace. She now limits her work as owner of Riverdale Avenue Books to around 50 hours per week, reducing her manuscript reviews. Rather than send rejection letters, she tells authors to check back in a few months when it’s less hectic. She practices saying “no” in her head and journal, recording her experiences. This has given her time to enjoy museums, friends, and theatre. “No changed my life,” Perkins said. “I’m a different person now because I truly embraced saying no.”

Drinking coffee in the morning may reduce the risk of early death, especially from cardiovascular disease, according to new research. The study, published in the European Heart Journal, found that morning coffee drinkers had a lower mortality risk than those who consumed coffee throughout the day. However, the study could not establish whether coffee alone was the cause.  Dr Lu Qi, the lead researcher and director of Tulane University’s Obesity Research Center, suggested that drinking coffee later in the day might disrupt the body’s internal clock, potentially explaining the link. He noted that further research is necessary to confirm these findings across other populations and through clinical trials.  “This study doesn’t explain why coffee consumption in the morning is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk,” Dr. Qi said. “One possible reason is that drinking coffee in the afternoon or evening may interfere with circadian rhythms and hormones like melatonin, leading to changes in inflammation and blood pressure.”  Should You Drink Hot or Cold Water? The study analyzed data from 40,725 adults who participated in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1999 and 2018. Participants reported their coffee consumption habits, including the time of day they drank coffee.  Over nearly 10 years of follow-up, 4,295 participants died, including 1,268 deaths related to cardiovascular disease. The findings showed that morning coffee drinkers were 16% less likely to die from any cause and 31% less likely to die from heart disease compared to non-coffee drinkers. However, no significant mortality risk reduction was observed in all-day coffee drinkers.  The researchers also discovered that higher coffee intake was significantly linked to a lower risk of death, but only among morning coffee drinkers.  In an accompanying editorial, Prof Thomas F Luscher from Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals in London discussed why the timing of coffee consumption might matter. This underused type of care can help in stroke recovery, report says He explained that in the morning, the body experiences increased sympathetic activity as it wakes up, which diminishes later in the day. Drinking coffee later might disrupt the body’s natural rhythm and interfere with melatonin, a hormone essential for sleep.  The study also observed that morning coffee drinkers were more likely to consume tea and caffeinated soda, but less coffee overall, compared to all-day drinkers. Source: with inputs from BBC

China is reportedly observing another pathogenic outbreak after COVID-19, with the rise of human metapneumovirus cases. Video footage on social media shows overcrowded hospitals, claiming the surge of multiple viruses, including HMPV, influenza A, COVID-19, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.  What is HMPV? Human metapneumovirus, or HMPV, is one of the common causes of respiratory tract infections (RTI) among children and the elderly. The virus causes upper and lower respiratory infections and shows regular flu-like symptoms. Children under 5 and adults over 65 may suffer from pneumonia, asthma, and other respiratory issues due to their poor immunity levels. The virus is classified under the Metapneumovirus genus, which belongs to the Pneumovirus subfamily and the Paramyxoviridae family. The Metapneumovirus genus has two species—metapneumovirus hominins, or human metapneumovirus, and Metapneumovirus avis, or avian pneumovirus—both liable to induce respiratory dysfunctions in animals. However, HMPV is the only virus within the Metapneumovirus genus that infects humans.  Read more: Should You Drink Hot or Cold Water? HMPV was first identified by Dutch scientists in 2001, but it has been circulating among humans for more than 50 years.  Causes of HMPV All viral diseases are contagious, and HMPV is not an exception. People can get it from direct or close contact with an infected person. The virus spreads through contaminated secretions like saliva, phlegm, droplets, and large particle aerosols. Touching a surface or object contaminated with the pathogen with hands and later using them to wipe the mouth or nose may conduct the virus into the body. HMPV also shows the same seasonal bias as other flu viruses. It thrives in cold seasons; therefore, HMPV infections are more common during winter and early spring. Read more: How to Avoid Winter Weight Gain Signs and Symptoms of HMPV While HMPV can be completely asymptomatic for young adults ranging from 5 to 40 years old, younger children and elders over 65 can get very sick. Symptoms for regular cases are not threatening and mostly mild, like - Coughing- Runny nose- Fever- Nasal congestion- Sore throat- Vomiting- Nausea- Diarrhea The conditions of severely infected patients can worsen, showing symptoms of pneumonia, asthma, and other bronchial diseases. In fewer cases, signs of middle ear infection have been found among patients with a prior compromised immune system. Read more: How to Keep Your Baby Comfortable and Healthy While Using Air Conditioner or Cooler Serious HMPV symptoms include: - Wheezing- Shortness of breath- Suffocacy- Fatigue- Bronchitis- Chest infection- Pneumonia- Asthma attack Mild symptoms usually disappear in two to five days. It is recommended to see a doctor if the symptoms persist for more than two weeks or worsen. Read more: How to Fix Your Sleep Routine: Know the Do's and Don'ts

The temperature of water you drink can affect your body in various ways, but there isn't a definitive answer to whether it's better to drink warm or cold water. It depends on your personal preferences, the situation, and your health. Benefits of Drinking Warm Water . Helps Digestion Warm water can help break down food in the stomach, making digestion easier. It stimulates the digestive enzymes, which can lead to smoother digestion. Drinking warm water before meals may help to prepare your stomach for digestion. But you shouldn't drink too much hot water. Because, regrettably, hot water can cause damage to the tongue, palate, and stomach tube. The long-term damage brought on by hot foods and drinks may also make people more susceptible to esophageal cancer.  Read more: How to Avoid Winter Weight Gain  Relieves Congestion If you're dealing with nasal or chest congestion, warm water can help loosen mucus, making it easier to expel. It can also soothe a sore throat and help clear out blockages, providing comfort when you're feeling under the weather. Improves Blood Circulation Warm water can promote better blood circulation by expanding blood vessels, improving oxygen delivery to tissues, and helping to remove toxins from the body. This can enhance overall circulation, which benefits your heart health and overall well-being. Helps Prevent Constipation Drinking warm water may stimulate bowel movements and prevent constipation. It can help soften stool and make it easier to pass, promoting regularity. Read more: How to Fix Your Sleep Routine: Know the Do's and Don'ts Soothes Menstrual Cramps For women experiencing menstrual cramps, warm water can provide comfort. It helps relax the abdominal muscles and ease cramping, providing relief during menstruation. Improves Sleep Quality Drinking a cup of warm water before bed can help you relax and prepare for sleep. It helps calm the nervous system and may promote better, deeper sleep.

Stroke survivors and their family members could benefit from palliative care, which focuses on easing pain and other symptoms once they leave the hospital, but the approach is widely underutilized, especially among Black, Hispanic and Asian patients, according to a new science report from the American Heart Association. The scientific statement, published Monday in the AHA journal Stroke, encourages integrating palliative care into all stages of post-stroke care, including strategies for psychosocial health, how to navigate complex health care systems and how to prepare for end-of-life care when necessary. "Stroke is often thought of as an event that is over quickly, but that is not true," Dr. Claire J. Creutzfeldt, who led the statement writing group, said in a news release. Creutzfeldt is an associate professor of neurology at the University of Washington in Seattle. "Even though the majority of strokes are not immediately life-threatening, every stroke is life-altering, and every stroke requires high-quality, person-centered care. Integrating palliative care principles into stroke care is fundamental for all patients and at every stage after a stroke." Dhaka Flow Yoga and Wellness Festival wraps up at Gulshan Society Lake Park Every year, nearly 800,000 people in the U.S. have a stroke, which occurs when a blood vessel to the brain ruptures or becomes blocked by a clot, interrupting blood flow and causing brain cells to die. Stroke is a leading cause of disability and the fifth-leading cause of death in the U.S., contributing to the deaths of about 160,000 people each year. Advances in treatment have allowed stroke survivors to live longer, but they often face long-term challenges, such as cognitive and physical disabilities along with psychosocial problems. The added responsibility of providing care to stroke survivors can be overwhelming for family members. The new statement said palliative care efforts should include strategies to improve communication about prognosis and care goals, navigate complex health systems, address psychosocial needs such as coping with loss, and prepare for death with end-of-life care when necessary. The statement also highlights the need to reduce sociodemographic and regional care disparities. The statement suggests a holistic approach to palliative care that goes beyond physical symptoms and pain to include emotional, psychosocial, spiritual and existential distress and takes the family's expectations, values and goals into consideration. How to Avoid Winter Weight Gain It highlights the importance of emotional, spiritual and psychosocial support in high-quality stroke care for survivors and their care partners. It also outlines the phases that follow a severe stroke, provides a palliative care checklist and screening tools to recognize and manage patient and family needs. "It's essential to recognize the impact of illness and disability on someone's quality of life and understand that treatment decisions will vary from patient to patient based on their values, their beliefs and their culture," Creutzfeldt said. "An individualized and culturally sensitive approach to assessment and management is always best." The care needs of survivors and their families or partners, she added, can change over time depending on events, symptoms, changes in function and the stage of the illness. There is limited research on palliative care for stroke survivors and wide variation in the type of care they receive, the statement notes. Important symptoms, such as pain, may be undertreated. For example, post-stroke pain may be greatest four to six months and two years following a stroke, but it is often underdiagnosed. Research shows up to 45% of stroke survivors leave the hospital with no plan for additional services, such as home health care or hospice services, and referrals for palliative care often don't occur until the end of life. Black and Hispanic people, who face disproportionately higher stroke rates and poorer outcomes, are less likely to receive acute treatments such as intravenous therapy or surgery to treat blood clots, the statement said. And they are substantially less likely than white people to have "do not resuscitate" orders or advance directives in place. Black, Hispanic and Asian stroke patients also are less likely to be discharged to hospice care than white patients. The statement noted that while some disparities may be attributed to cultural differences, other factors, such as the hospital where the patient was treated, have been associated with the likelihood of receiving palliative care, suggesting system-level inequities may play a role. A 2023 AHA scientific statement on ways to address racial and ethnic disparities in stroke treatment highlights the need to better understand how clinicians, hospitals, systems and others influence these care patterns and explores ways to correct them.