Israel handed over the bodies of 15 Palestinians to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) on Thursday in exchange for the last Israeli captive, whose remains were recovered earlier this week, marking the completion of one phase of the ongoing conflict in Gaza.

Palestinian authorities are assessing whether the bodies will be released at Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis or al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)

The transfer comes more than two years after hostilities escalated, including the Hamas-led attacks on southern Israel on October 7, 2023, which left 251 Israelis, including policeman Ran Gvili, captured. Gvili’s remains were the last to be held by Palestinian groups. At his funeral on Wednesday, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu hailed him as a “hero” and warned Israel’s adversaries of severe consequences for future attacks.

The return of captives and bodies unfolded through ceasefire arrangements, prisoner-swap deals, and limited military rescue attempts. While all Israeli captives have now been repatriated, thousands of Palestinians remain imprisoned in Israel, often without formal charges or trial. According to a July 2024 UN Human Rights Office report, Israel holds approximately 9,400 Palestinians as “security detainees,” with documented cases of torture, sexual assault, and other abuses. Human rights group Physicians for Human Rights–Israel reported that at least 94 Palestinian prisoners have died in custody due to mistreatment, medical neglect, or malnutrition. (Al Jazeera)

Meanwhile, violence continues in Gaza. On Thursday, Israeli forces killed two Palestinians and injured dozens near Makki roundabout in the central Maghazi camp. Since the ceasefire took effect on October 10, at least 490 Palestinians have been killed due to airstrikes, tank shelling, and gunfire, according to Gaza’s Health Ministry. (Al Jazeera)

The prisoner exchange also paves the way for a political transition in Gaza. Hamas has agreed to transfer governance to a committee of Palestinian technocrats, which will oversee daily administration under the supervision of a U.S.-led Board of Peace. Hamas spokesman Hazem Qassem said protocols and committees are in place to ensure a full handover. Gaza’s Civil Defence spokesman Mahmoud Basal warned that the territory faces an “unprecedented catastrophe” due to shortages of food, shelter, and medical supplies caused by the ongoing blockade.

With inputs from ALJAZEERA