Halley’s Comet comes close to the Earth approximately once every 75 years. However, the trail of debris it leaves behind gives rise to two prominent meteor showers each year, including the Eta Aquarids.
“When you see this meteor shower illuminate the sky, it’s a sign that Earth is moving through the path of the most well-known comet,” explained Shauna Edson from the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum.
According to NASA's Bill Cooke, the Eta Aquarids are known for their high speed.
Cooke also noted that during the shower's peak on Tuesday morning, observers in optimal conditions could witness between 10 and 15 meteors per hour.
However, the moon will be nearly two-thirds full, which will likely reduce visibility.
Viewing lasts until May 28. Here’s what to know about the Eta Aquarids and other
What is a meteor shower?
As the Earth orbits the sun, several times a year it passes through debris left by passing comets and sometimes asteroids. The source of the Eta Aquarids is debris from Halley’s comet.
When these fast-moving space rocks enter Earth’s atmosphere, the debris encounters new resistance from the air and becomes very hot, eventually burning up.
Sometimes the surrounding air glows briefly, leaving behind a fiery tail — the end of a “shooting star.”
You don’t need special equipment to see the various meteor showers that flash across annually, just a spot away from city lights.
How to view a meteor shower?
The best time to watch a meteor shower is in the early predawn hours when the moon is low in the sky.
Competing sources of light — such as a bright moon or artificial glow — are the main obstacles to a clear view of meteors. Cloudless nights when the moon wanes smallest are optimal viewing opportunities.
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And keep looking up, not down. Your eyes will be better adapted to spot shooting stars if you aren’t checking your phone.
When is the next meteor shower?
The next major meteor shower, the Southern Delta Aquarids, peaks in late July.