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SSC, HSC Certificate Information Change or Correction Process in Bangladesh
The Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSC) are one of the most important education documents and certifications for any Bangladeshi student. But what if there are mistakes in the final certificate? There’s nothing to worry about as students or their guardians can easily correct the information. Here’s how to change or correct information in SSC and/or HSC certificates.
Changing/ Correcting Information in SSC and HSC Certificate
Previously, the process of changing the certificate was completely offline. It was a lengthy and cumbersome process. However, the ministry of education has removed the total offline correction system and introduced a hybrid mechanism.
In the hybrid mechanism, the application for the correction is done online with certificate collection and payment requiring physical visits. The steps of correction are more or less the same for each board. So students or guardians can follow the steps regardless of their board location.
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One thing to note here is that if the student is below 18, every legal procedure mentioned in this article will have to be done by the father or a legal guardian. In case the student is over 18, he/she can do it themselves.
Also, the application for changing names and the application to change the date of birth has to be done separately.
Step by Step Guide for Changing Information in SSC or HSC Certificate
Step 1: Getting an Affidavit/Notarized
The first step starts with getting an affidavit. An affidavit is a document that outlines the intention to change the information in the SSC or HSC certification which is then notarized by an Advocate or a first-class magistrate. After getting the affidavit, move on to the next step.
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Step 2: Publishing a Classified Advertisement
The affidavit needs to be published in a daily newspaper as a classified advertisement. Here the student will detail all their information including that of father, mother, DOB, registration, and roll number of the respective examination.
Previously, the process of publishing classified ads was difficult. Now anyone can publish a classified ad easily online.
Step 3: Online Application
Before starting the online application, the students will need to scan several documents. This includes the original certificates, their DOB, the NID card of the parents, the affidavit as well as a paper cutting of the advertisement. Got them? Now let's get started with the application.
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Let us consider the student is from the Dhaka board. In that case, first head over to the Dhaka Board web portal. From there, locate the online application section.
In the online application section, there should be another sub-section called application for correcting name and date of birth. Click on it.
Step 4: Filling Out the Form
The next window from the application page will be a login section. Here the students will have to log in using their registration and roll number from any of the JSC, SSC, or HSC.
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After that, students will be asked to select which certificate they want to correct. If it's just SSC, put a tick mark there. If it's SSC and HSC both, then put tick marks on both.
After that, carefully fill out all the necessary information. All of this information needs to be accurate as it will be cross-checked.
After filling out the information, there will be an upload section for the scanned document. Upload each of the above-mentioned scanned documents in their respective boxes. After that click on submit.
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Step 5: Payment of the Correction Fee
Successful completion of step 4 will result in the student getting a confirmation SMS in their registered number. The SMS will also include bank slip information. Using the slip information, the student or the guard will have to deposit TK558 for each certificate through Sonali bank. The recipient details will be outlined in the SMS slip. After that, collect the slip and safely store it as it will be required later.
Step 6: Confirmation of Correction
After the successful deposition of the payment, the students or the guardian will receive another SMS in their registered number in 3-4 working days. This SMS will contain a new username and password to check the status of their application.
Users will have to visit the Last Update section and log in with the new credentials. The subsequent dashboard will show the status of the application. It generally takes about 30 to 90 days for the correction to take effect.
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Once the correction is completed, another SMS will be sent to the registered number for the corrected information verification.
Step 7: Application for the Original Physical Copy
Students will have to fill out another application form for the physical copy of the new certificate. The application can be accessed through the Online Application Section of the Dhaka Board web portal. After correctly filling out the application, students will be provided with another payment slip from the portal.
Step 8: Payment for the Physical Copy
The process is exactly similar to Step 5. Students will have to deposit another 558 BDT for each certificate through Sonali Bank and store the slip.
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Step 9: Confirmation from Board
Students should receive an SMS confirming the physical copy collection date after a week of the final payment. Before going to collect, students will have to take the existing original certificate and download the payment confirmation receipt while also keeping the deposit receipt. Students will also need the attested copy of their parent’s NID card.
Step 10: Collection of Certificate
The board will check the slips for payment confirmation and keep the existing certificate. In exchange, the students will be provided with a new certificate with corrected information.
Changing Date of Birth in SSC and HSC Certificate
The process of changing DOB is exactly similar to the process mentioned above. The students will have to make a separate application, that’s all.
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To know more about the correcting process, check out the Official Manual from the education board.
Final Words
SSC and HSC certificates are often used as a reference for higher education and jobs. As a result, it becomes highly important to ensure that all information printed on the certificate is correct. The process of changing/correcting information in SSC and HSC certificates is now easier than ever thanks to the hybrid system. Anyone can now easily change their faulty certificates and renew a new one with just a few clicks and some supporting legal documents.
How to Buy a Used Car in Bangladesh?
We are living in a world of comfort and luxury. And a car has become part of today's life. People have been driving cars for hundreds of years, and there is no doubt that they are necessary for daily commuting. When it comes to buying a car, you have two options: a brand new one and a used one. Not everyone can afford a new car, so a used car is the only option for many buyers. While purchasing a brand new one is easy, buying a used car is a complex process that can be daunting for even experienced buyers. You need to know what to look for in a used car before purchasing. This user car buyer guide will help you to find the value for money vehicle.
What Factors to Consider Before Buying a Second-Hand Car?
Buying a used car is a lot more complicated than you might think. There are a lot of things to consider when buying a used car, including how much you are willing to spend, how long you want the car to last, and more. The following checklist will come in handy when you are at the market for buying a second-hand car.
Check the Car’s Condition
The first step is to look at the condition of the car. You will want to check the car’s interior, exterior, engine, and more. You will also want to check the car’s service history. Make sure that everything works properly and that there are no major issues. Look for signs of wear and tear, corrosion, or other problems. Test all the lights and mechanisms to make sure they work properly.
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Interior
It is important to check the interior of a car before buying it, especially if it is a used car. Make sure the seats are comfortable, the dashboard is in good condition, and there are no major tears or stains. Make sure there is no major damage or defects that you might not be able to see.
Exterior
When buying a used car, it is important to inspect the exterior of the car for damage and signs of wear. This includes checking the paint, body, and trim for any sign of wear or damage. Look for dents, scratches, and rust spots on the car. Make sure there are no major dents or scratches. The paint should be free of any outstanding chips or cracks. The windows should be clean with no cracks or signs of damage. You will want to make sure the car’s body is in good condition.
Framing
If you are in the market for a used car, be sure to check the frame for signs of damage. A car with a broken frame may not be able to handle the stress of driving and could eventually break down. By checking the frame of a car before buying it, you can avoid any potential problems down the road. A car with bad framing could have serious safety implications.
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Are the doors closing properly? If the doors do not seal properly, wind and water can get inside the car and cause rust and rot.
Is the frame solid? Most frames are made of steel and may bend due to their weight. So look for cracks or breaks in the frame. Also, look at the alignment of both rear wheels when they are touching each other. If they are not lined up properly, then you might have a bent frame.
Tires
Tires can wear out quickly and cause problems with the car, so it is worth checking them before you buy them. It can wear out quickly and cause the car to lose traction, which could lead to an accident. Tires are one of the most obvious signs of wear and tear on a vehicle and can indicate whether or not the car is in good condition. By checking the tires, you can make sure that the car you’re buying is in good shape and won’t need major repairs down the road.
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Engines
Many used car sellers don’t bother about the engines, but it is worth checking out whether the engine is still running smoothly or if there are any problems. Many cars have been in accidents, and their engines may have been damaged. If the engine is failing, you may be better off not buying the car at all. Also, check the engine’s temperature to make sure it is within the safe range. Also, be sure to inspect the air conditioning and heating systems and the car’s transmission.
Mileage
There are many used car dealers out there that will give you a great deal on a car, but they may not be the best option for you if the car has low mileage. Make sure to check the car’s mileage before buying it. This way, you can be sure that the car has been taken care of and is in good condition.
Maintenance Record
It includes verifying that the car has been serviced and repaired in a timely manner. Additionally, make sure the car has no major mechanical issues. By doing this, you can avoid headaches down the road and ensure that your new car is in good condition.
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Registration Certificate
Buying a used car can be a great way to save money, but it is important to check the car’s registration certificate. Make sure the car has been properly registered and that all required safety equipment is present. The registration document will list the car’s make, model, and VIN.
It is also a good idea to ask the seller if they can provide any more information about the car. This includes checking out online reviews and inspecting the car yourself. By doing this, you will be able to ensure that you are getting a quality used car at a fair price. If there are any concerns, don’t buy the car.
Test Drive
Test driving allows you to get a feel for the car and makes sure that it is the right fit for you. Test driving also allows you to see if any issues have arisen since the car was last used. Not only will you be able to see if the car runs and drives well, but you can also ask the seller any questions you may have about the car. By test-driving a car before buying it, you can avoid any surprises down the road.
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Some Second-Hand Cars You Can Pick
Most of the middle class or upper-middle class’s car dreams come true with reconditioned or old cars. Even the well-paid middle class is more interested in reconditioned cars than expensive and new cars.
Japan’s Toyota company has the highest demand for used cars in the country. The list of best-selling cars in the country includes Toyota Corolla, Fielder, Premio, Axio, and Alien models. These cars are available from 7 to 15 lakh BDT. In addition, a huge market for Toyota reconditioned car parts has been created in the country. As a result, car repair and maintenance costs are also relatively affordable and readily available.
Some of the second-hand car models around 5-8 lac BDT in Bangladesh are Nissan Sunny Bluebird; Toyota Succeed, Corolla, Estima, Probox, Crown, Sprinter, and Spacio; Mitsubishi Lancer GLX 2006, Maruti Suzuki, and more.
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Some of the second-hand car models around 8-10 lac BDT in Bangladesh are Toyota Probox GL 2011, Vitz Push 2010, Noah 2011, Raum 2005, Spacio G Edition 2002, Fielder 2004, Corolla 2003; Nissan CarryBoy 2007, Honda CRV 1997, Civic 2004, City G 2007; Mitsubishi Pajero 1995; Ford Fiesta 2010; and so on.
Some of the second-hand car models around 10-15 la BDT in Bangladesh are Toyota Premio F 2002, Axio X 2009, Premio 2004, Allion 2004, Allion 2006; Nissan X-Trail 2005; Honda Civic 2010 and more.
These are the approximate price range. Used car prices depend on a variety of factors, including the make, model, and year of the vehicle. Taxes and import duty fees also work as a catalyst for user car prices in Bangladesh. The condition of the vehicle also affects its price. So, check all the factors yourself and compare with other sellers to know the closest price. Moreover, it is better to consult with a car expert.
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Final Words
It is essential to do your research and market analysis before buying a used car in Bangladesh. Make sure you are aware of the essential facts to consider when shopping for a car, such as its condition and history. Be prepared to negotiate, as prices will vary significantly depending on the vehicle’s condition and location. Finally, always use a reputable dealer when purchasing a used car in Bangladesh, as there are many dishonest individuals operating in the market. Hope this discussion will help you to find the best second hand car for your hard earned money.
Investing in Yourself: 10 Best Ways of Investment for Self-Betterment
There’s a general notion that to build anything, a person needs to invest. Billionaire investor Warren Buffet started investing at the age of 11. According to Buffet, the best investment is one that ensures personal growth. And he couldn’t be more accurate. The growth path, be it mental or monetary, starts from investment in personal development. The more you invest in yourself, the more you’ll reap its benefits. And with that, here are 10 proven ways to invest in personal development.
Top 10 Ways to Invest in Yourself
Start with Regular Exercise
The first step to self-development starts with the body and mind. And there’s no better way to bring the unison through exercise. Regular exercise increases endurance, focus, and overall proactivity. It allows a person to be more concentrated in each aspect and brings about a total overhaul from a rut.
Exercise doesn’t have to be in the form of yoga classes or gym commitments. Instead, it can be a simple walk in the park or a 5 minute power workout. The key here is consistency. Rather than putting in a mammoth effort one day and sitting idle in others, try and make a small exercise routine to start each day.
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Visualize the Goals
Where do you want to see yourself 5 or 10 years from now? The key to self-betterment starts with visualizing the goals. It's important to have the idea as it helps to plan and work for the goal. It's important to remember that a better future doesn’t come automatically or overnight. Rather it takes time and effort to get from one stage to the other. And having a clear goal to that end helps in the concerted effort.
Skill Development
Skill development is another important aspect of self-investment. Many self-help pundits would suggest learning new things one after the other. While it's true that it helps to diversify knowledge, the process isn’t the best for a better and secured future. Instead of becoming the jack of all trades, first, focus on becoming the master of one thing.
To be more precise, focus on the existing skills and try to increase their expertise in them. Ask yourself do you see yourself continuing in your current field? If the answer is yes, then you should definitely try to progress your career rather than stay stuck in one position. And the process of progression starts with increasing the expertise.
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Attend Seminars and Workshops
We talked about increasing the existing skill set in the previous point. An effective way to initiate this skill development is through seminars and workshops. These are great places to start the skill development process. Besides, they also provide a great opportunity for networking and building connections.
Networking is a key aspect of potential future opportunities. All in all, seminars and workshops are definitely something worth the time considering future benefits.
Energize the Brain
While exercising is a great way to freshen the body and increase focus, other aspects of mental development should also be focused on. And that starts with stimulating the brain. Rather than getting stuck in a boring routine, bring about a change and initiate new experiences for the brain.
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It can be learning a new language, taking on painting, or simply spending more time with loved ones. The key goal here is to keep the mind fresh and energized and to avoid potential mental rut and depression.
Side Hustles
Some extra cash never hurts. The best way to go about it for anyone with a full-time commitment is through hustles. It can also be something that generates passive income. If you are good at writing, freelance. Better yet, start your own blog and monetize it. Side hustles can come in all shapes and forms. All you need to do is find out what works best for you and what you can capitalize on.
Work-Life Balance
Just because you need to start that side hustle or put in that extra hour at work, doesn’t mean you should let burnout kick in. The importance of a proper work-life balance cannot be over-emphasized. Try to strictly maintain work time and personal time. Also, take regular time offs for self-care. Without a proper work-life balance, many of the points mentioned above will not work as the body and the brain will be constantly tired.
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The Art of Saying No
More often than not, most people don’t have what it takes to say ''no''. It can be a request for extra work hours or additional work pressure, the inability to say not only adds up to the personal woes. The way out? Learn to say no. It's not easy and you run the risk of potentially upsetting the person.
If any person or situation puts pressure on you to do or allow something which can be a burden on yourself, think before saying "Yes". Ask yourself. Does your personal health and comfort matter more or not? Try to put personal interests first as it will go a long way for self-betterment.
Volunteer
Volunteering is also a great way to invest in the future. Now you might be thinking how doesn’t do something for free work as an investment? Well, it’s all about how you visualize volunteering as. The pursuit of self-development also treads the path of developing moral values, empathy, and all other beautiful traits that make us humans.
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Volunteering for a cause will help to channel those traits into your personal life bringing satisfaction and mental peace. Remember, self-development isn’t always about being more successful, sometimes it starts with being a good human.
Get a Pet
A pet is like a life companion. They go through the phases of life with their owners, be it ups and downs. Getting a pet helps to create a bond and bring a sense of responsibility to oneself. Pets can also be an amazing emotional support element in times of despair. So go get a furry friend or a bird, and create memories and good times which will surely fuel you to strive for the better.
Final Words
Investing in yourself for the future may not have any shortcut. It’s a long and arduous process that starts with small progress. Each dot connects with the other to create a big picture in the long run. Most people fail to recognize this and are hesitant to take the first step. In reality, all you have to do is motivate yourself for the future, and the rest of everything will follow suit.
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Landslide Safety, Preparedness Tips: Dos and Don'ts
Natural disasters like landslides can demolish infrastructure, houses, structures and harm living beings like humans, pets, wildlife, forests, etc. Keep reading to find out more information on Landslide safety tips and ways of prevention.
What is a Landslide
A landslide occurs when large volumes of rock, soil, or debris slip down a slope. Debris and mudflows are water-saturated rivers of rock, soil, and other debris. They form when water quickly accumulates in the ground, such as after heavy rainfall or fast snowmelt, turning the land into a mudslide or "slurry" river.
At avalanche rates, they may flow quickly and strike with little or no notice. They may also continue many miles from their origin, expanding in size as they take up trees, stones, automobiles, and other debris.
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Landslides can be caused by a number of different things, such as the pressure of water from underground, rainfall, earthquakes, human activity, and other things.
When to get prepared for Landslide
While landslides may strike without notice, there are warning indicators to look for, particularly if you live in a landslide-prone location or where landslides have occurred before.
Changes in the landscape, such as the flow of precipitation, new fissures in a building's foundation or in paved areas, skewed trees, fences, and utility poles, and the noises of moving material are all symptoms of a landslide. Watch out for those signs and take the necessary cautions to be safe.
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How to prepare for Landslide
Landslides may also happen rapidly and without warning, so being knowledgeable about changes in and around your property that might indicate a landslide is imminent is the best way to prepare.
Safety Plan
Establish an emergency plan for your family or company that is in line with local emergency response and evacuation strategies. Make sure you have the correct insurance. Landslides may be insured by different Flood Insurance Programs in certain places.
The gathering of information is the first thing you should do in order to ensure your safety in the event of a landslide. Find out whether and how often landslides and mudslides have occurred in your town, and locate the evacuation routes and shelters in your region.
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As is the case with the majority of emergency preparations, you should design a household emergency plan that accounts for the chance that your family would be split apart in the event of a landslide. Prepare a portable emergency stockpiling kit that you are able to carry with you in the event that you are forced to evacuate.
Domestic Animal and Pet Safety
Develop a buddy system. If you are unable to care for or evacuate your pets yourself, make arrangements with nearby residents, neighbours, and family members to ensure that someone will be available to do so.
Make sure your pet has a microchip. Be sure to maintain an up-to-date address and phone number, and also include the contact information for a person who is located outside of your local region who can assist you in case of an emergency.
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If you are unclear how to care for your pet in the event of an emergency, it is recommended that you get in touch with your local emergency management office, animal shelter, or animal control agency for extra guidance and information.
Consider the fundamentals for survival, such as food and water, just like you would with your family's emergency supplies box. Have two kits on hand: one bigger kit for sheltering in place and one lighter one in case you need to leave. Check your kits on a frequent basis to check that the contents, particularly meals and medications, are still fresh.
Property Protection
If you want to protect your home and property from being damaged by landslides, you should think about erecting nets, retaining walls, and cultivating sturdy vegetation. This is highly important on slopes and in regions where wildfires have decimated the surrounding plants and trees. It is not appropriate to destroy vegetation that has the potential to help prevent erosion.
Read: School Fire Hazard Safety: Essential preventive measures to minimise risk
Proper Shelter
If you are unable to escape, relocate to a higher level of your house and remain vigilant while listening to the weather radio or watching the weather on television. If you're in your car, be vigilant and keep an eye out for running water, which might signal the start of a landslide.
Do's and Don’ts During Landslide
In the event of a landslide, it is imperative that you safeguard yourself and your community by adhering to certain fundamental dos and don'ts until official aid comes.
What You Should Do
- If you are staying in a landslide-prone region, attempt to leave as soon as possible.
- Be wary of large stones that are unusually cracking or rolling.
- Keep an eye on the stream or channel's water. A change in colour from clear to muddy or an increase in water level might be concerning.
- Keep yourself out of the way of falling rubble or landslides.
- Keep an eye out for mudslides or debris overflow on the road.
- Contact the local government for assistance or aid.
- Notify your neighbours about the disaster.
- Simply bring your essential papers and valuables.
- Make your life a higher priority than your house furnishings or automobiles on the road.
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What You Shouldn’t Do
- During the Landslide, avoid driving.
- Crossing a stream or a flooded river is not a good idea.
- Try to follow the government's directions and do not disobey them.
- Do not disregard moist places or any signs of a road or building fractures.
How to prevent the human causes of Landslide
Though a landslide is a natural disaster, human activities can influence the process. Land mismanagement may produce landslides, especially in mountainous canyons and coastal areas. Lower precipitation thresholds may cause landslides in regions burnt by forest and brush fires. Many landslides, mudflow, and debris flow hazards may be avoided through land-use zoning, competent inspections, and good design.
Conclusion
Landslides may be produced for a multitude of reasons, including earthquakes, storms, volcanic eruptions, fire, and human land alteration. So far we have mentioned how to stay prepared for landslides. If the people of a community follow a comprehensive landslide safety plan, the harm to life and property can be minimised.
Read: Apartment Fire Safety: Causes, Prevention, Ways to Stop Fire in Residential Buildings
Acid Rain: Causes, Effects and Solutions
In today's contemporary world, the phrase "acidic rain" is hardly unheard of. These days, the majority of the world's regions have been affected by the pollution in question. The term refers to precipitation that is much more acidic than the ordinary, as the name implies. It is detrimental not only to the water bodies, such as lakes, streams, and ponds, but also to the flora and fauna that make their homes within the environment in question. Stay with us to know why does acid rain occur, what are the impacts, and ways of prevention.
What is Acid Rain?
Acid rain is made up of water droplets that are extremely acidic due to air pollution, most notably the excessive levels of sulphur and nitrogen emitted by vehicles and industrial operations. Acid rain is sometimes termed acid deposition since this word encompasses various kinds of acidic precipitation.
The pH level of the water droplets, which measures the amount of acidity or alkalinity in the water, is used as a basis for determining acidity. On the pH scale, 0 represents the most acidic, 14 represents the most alkaline, and 7 represents neutrality. A lower pH indicates a more acidic substance, whereas a higher pH indicates an alkaline substance. The pH of regular rainfall ranges from 5.3 to 6.0, and it has a hint of acidity.
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There is an abundance of acid deposition in the southeastern region of Canada, the northeastern part of the United States, and large areas of Europe, including some regions of Sweden, Norway, and Germany.
In addition, there is a possibility that acid deposition may have an impact on some regions of South Asia and South Africa in the not-too-distant future. It is imperative that steps be done in order to mitigate the devastating effects that acid rain has brought forth.
Though acid rain is a significant environmental issue that affects many regions of the globe, it is especially prevalent in large portions of the United States and Canada.
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Causes of Acid Rain
Acid deposition may be created by naturally occurring sources such as volcanoes.
In the current world, burning of fossil fuels is the primary source of acid deposition because of the emissions of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide.
These gases, when released into the atmosphere, combine with the water, oxygen, and other gases that are already there to produce sulfuric acid, ammonium nitrate, and nitric acid, respectively. After then, the wind patterns lead these acids to get dispersed across broad distances, and they eventually return to the land as acid rain or other types of precipitation.
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The production of electrical power and the combustion of coal both result in the emission of gases that contribute significantly to acid deposition. Because of this, man-made acid deposition started becoming a big concern throughout the Industrial Revolution.
In 1852, Scottish scientist Robert Angus Smith was the first person to uncover this phenomenon. In that year, he made the connection between acid rain and air pollution in Manchester, England, which is located in the United Kingdom. Though Acid deposition was identified in the 1800s, it began to get major public attention in the 1960s .
In 1972, the phrase "acid rain" was first used to describe this kind of deposition. The "New York Times" began publishing articles in the 1970s detailing issues that were happening in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest located in New Hampshire. These articles helped bring the issue to the attention of the general public.
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Effects of Acid Rain on Environment, Human, and Wildlife
Following their investigations in the Hubbard Brook Forest as well as other locations, researchers discovered a number of significant consequences of acid deposition on both natural and artificial ecosystems.
Impact of Acid Rain on Natural Environment
Aquatic environments are the ones that are most obviously impacted by acid deposition because acidic precipitation falls directly into aquatic environments. Deposition, both dry and wet, washes off of roadways, fields, and forests into bodies of water including lakes, rivers, and streams.
This acidic liquid is diluted when it travels into bigger bodies of water and mixes with the water there. However, over the course of time, acidity may build up and reduce the pH of the body of water as a whole.
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In certain regions, acid deposition also causes clay soils to discharge aluminium and magnesium, which further reduces the pH of the soil in those areas. If the pH of a lake falls below 4.8, the plants and animals that live in it are in danger of dying. It is estimated that over 50,000 lakes in the United States and Canada have a pH that is lower than what is considered normal. A pH level that is too low in several hundred of these makes it impossible for any aquatic life to survive.
Acid deposition may have a considerable impact on forests, in addition to having an effect on bodies of water. As a result of the acid rain that falls on trees, the trees may lose their leaves, suffer damage to their bark, and have their growth stifled. Because these portions of the tree have been damaged, they are now more susceptible to attack from pests, diseases, and harsh weather.
Acid rain that falls on the soil of a forest is another source of environmental damage because it messes with the soil's nutritional balance, it kills the microorganisms that live in the soil, and it may occasionally lead to a calcium deficit. Because the humidity in the clouds envelops the trees at higher elevations, these trees are just as vulnerable to the issues that are caused by acidic cloud cover.
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Impact of Acid Rain on Man Made Environment
Acid deposition can also have an influence on architectural structures and artistic creations. When acid rain falls on structures, it interacts with the minerals that are present in the stones, which may occasionally cause the stones to deteriorate and wash away.
Deposition of acid may degrade concrete, as well as contemporary structures, automobiles, railroad tracks, aircraft, steel bridges, and pipelines both above and below ground. It can also cause train tracks to become corroded.
How Can We Prevent Acid Rain
Since a big proportion of our electrical source originates from fossil fuels like gas, coal and oil, enormous volumes of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are created which strongly contributes to acid rain.
Read How Can One Person Reduce Environmental Pollution?
While burning gasoline mostly accounts for nitrogen emissions, burning coal is the largest contributor to the release of sulphur dioxide. However, contemporary technologies may alleviate this difficulty substantially. There are techniques that may cut gas emission by up to 95 percent .
Another supplemental option is the move from fossil to renewable energy for the production of electricity. Some examples include geothermal, wind, solar or hydroelectric energy sources. By discontinuing the employment of coal, oil and gas, the nitrogen and sulphur emissions might be considerably decreased.
Since the excessive use of pesticides and fertilisers contribute to pollution with nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxides which in turn lead to acid rain, a reduction in the use of these chemicals may help reduce the acid rain issue to a certain degree.
ReadEffects of Air Pollution on Unborn Children, Neonates, Infants
Conclusion
So far we have discussed the causes, efects and preventions of acid rain. There are really numerous things that you can do as an individual to help avoid it. Any effort you may take to preserve energy will minimise the number of fossil fuels that are used to create that energy, hence minimising the creation of acid rain. To fight this major issue, being aware and making the change from an individual perspective have no alternative.
School Fire Drills: Significance, Ways to Conduct Safely
To cut the risk of fire hazards there are sets of preventive measures. Still, fire accidents can take place for diverse reasons. The method of practicing how a school building would be evacuated in the event of a fire or other emergencies is called a school fire drill. Fire drills in a school can teach the school officials as well as students about what to do and how to handle situations if a fire hazard occurs in the school. Let’s find out the importance of fire drills in school and how to carry school fire drills safely.
Why is it essential to carry out fire drills in Schools
A fire drill is very significant in a school because everyone in a school needs to take part in regular fire drills if they want to fully grasp the building’s escape routes and the instructions. Besides, fire drills help young students and others to become accustomed to the process and recognise that they need to take fire safety seriously.
Most importantly, this can help to reduce confusion, panic, and any disorderly behavior and it helps teachers and other responsible people to understand their role during an emergency. All school staff have a duty to help students move out of the school during a fire. The practice of remaining calm and organized during a fire can ensure everyone’s safety.
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The specific advantages of a fire safety drill at school are as follows:
-Remind staff and students of the location of emergency routes, the assembly point, and any specific fire safety procedures.
-Test that fire safety measures properly.
-Estimate how quickly people can shift from the school.
-Let fire wardens have a chance to practice their duties.
-Test personal emergency evacuation plans.
-Ensure that emergency routes and exits are free from obstructions.
-Test your school’s roll calling procedure.
The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 and the Education (School Premises) Regulations 1999 must provide everyone with information, instruction, and training relating to fire safety. Fire drills are an important part of fulfilling this requirement.
How to carry out fire drills in school safely
Ensure everyone’s presence
Make sure everyone is on board when you conduct a fire drill at work. First, ensure you train the entire fire team on the evacuation procedures and are ready to make the drill a success. Then, execute the drill to take people away from the factory line, their desks, and the warehouse.
Communicate
Your good communication can make the fire drill successful. Make sure that you announce the drill in every place employees will see it like the employee portal, intranet, website, Slack channel, newsletter, and text message.
Ensuring employee communication software covers the most common communication channels will make this a lot easier. Schedule the drill on Google calendar including the information about the fire team and their roles, orderly evacuation routes, and expectations for procedure and behavior.
Set goals
You need to set goals for the drill. Setting goals helps you to improve them in subsequent drills. For example, if your first drill takes 15 minutes to get everyone safely outside, trying the next one needs just 5 to 10 minutes.
You can follow:
-Time from drill activation to evacuation
-Time to report completion of the drill
-A successful shutdown of equipment
Practice the procedure
First, let your fire safety leaders practice “on paper” with an exercise where they describe the evacuation plan to the fire warden. The team must describe their actions during a fire drill and analyze any perceived weaknesses or confusion. As soon as the fire safety leaders understand their roles, they must walk physically through the fire drill.
Then conduct a full rehearsal with other staff. When the staff masters a basic fire drill, the fire safety leaders design more complex scenarios.
Observe and reflect
Conduct a fire drill with a few people who are not on the fire evacuation team. Task them with looking for the following:
-Large groups who are moving slowly or talking with each other
-People who use cell phones or other devices
-Unhelpful behavior like grabbing coats, purses, and bags
Disciplinary Requirements for safe fire drills in schools
It is not complicated to carry out fire drills in your school. Just you need to be regular and consistent. Check out here all the requirements and ways to carry out fire drills in school safely.
-Carry out a fire drill at least once a term.
-Run each drill at different times.
-Ask specific members of staff to observe and make notes.
-Test people’s knowledge of alarm locations to alternate fire escape routes.
-Ensure staff knows how to help students evacuate.
-Ensure you check the effectiveness of PEEPs.
-Make sure fire wardens practice their duties.
-Teach people how to report blocked routes or unclear alarms
-Test your roll calling procedure.
-Correct any issues you identified during the drill.
When to carry out school fire drills safely
Any time during school hours can be perfect to carry out a fire drill. However, it would be better to run each drill at a different time of day so that you can cover unexpected and difficult situations. Picking an assembly or lunchtime may be good rather than during class.
Some Important things to consider
If you want to get the most out of a fire drill, it is important for your school to assess the evacuation process from start to end. The following are important things during a fire drill in your school.
-Let certain members of staff not take part in the drill but observe.
-Ask a member of staff to set off the nearest alarm to test their knowledge of alarm locations and how to activate them.
-Make sure to carry out specific drills under the assumption that one of the escape routes is blocked.
Bottom Line
Fire drill procedures generally depend on the building type like hospitals, school buildings, or high-rise buildings. However, the motto of a fire drill in school is to assure efficient evacuation process, and to identify the problems with the emergency system or evacuation procedures. Besides, fire alarm systems of the buildings need to be checked on a regular basis to ensure that the system is working. Generally, all staff in schools have specific fire safety responsibilities so that they can help students and others in an emergency. Safe conductions of School fire drills can save lives and minimise destructions.
Fire Safety in Apartments: Causes and Prevention
People who live in apartments or residential buildings need to be aware about the causes behind fires and preventive measures. The residents of condominiums, or apartment buildings should be familiar with the fire safety elements and collaborate with their neighbours to evacuate the buildings in the event of fire. Here’s how to minimise the risk of fire in apartments and what to do if any fire hazard occurs.
Common Causes of Fires in Apartment and Residential Buildings
The most frequent causes of home fires, the damages they inflict, and how to avoid them are listed below.
Cooking
Cooking or kitchen fires are by far the most common cause of house fires. Among different types of kitchen fires, grease fires are generally the most dangerous. When the temperature of your frying oil rises over 375 degrees Fahrenheit, it will begin to smoke and ultimately cause flames.
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Heating
House fires and injuries are often caused by portable heaters. They are responsible for a large number of fires since many homes do not have adequate space. Heaters come with detailed guidelines on how near they may be to other items, furniture, or walls.
Electrical Fires
A substantial percentage of home fires are caused by defective wiring or malfunctioning electrical outlets.
Smoking
Smoking materials such as cigarettes, cigars, and pipes are often causes of house fires. Smoking materials that have been lit inside are tiny and easy to overlook.
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Ways to Prevent Fires in Apartment and Residential Buildings
You may be familiar with fire safety advice for houses, but living in an apartment building poses a unique set of problems that you should be aware of – particularly if you live on the higher floors. Follow the procedures below to help safeguard and prepare yourself in the case of an emergency in your apartment building:
- To keep appliances safe, use surge protectors.
- Circuits should not be overloaded.
- Frayed or fractured cables should not be used.
- Cords should not be routed beneath carpets or between rooms.
- A portable heater should never be left on if there’s no one in the room.
- Make sure youngsters can't get their hands on matches or lighters.
- Keep combustible materials out of your residence.
- Candles should never be left unattended.
- If you're cooking, don't leave it on the burner unattended.
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Workplace Fire Safety: 12 Effective Ways to Prevent Fire Hazards
Fire is a huge problem for businesses. In fact, it is one of the leading causes of injury to workers, accounting for 3% of work-related injuries. But it's not just an occupational hazard—it's a very real risk that every business owner should be aware of. What can you do to protect your business from the fire? How do you prepare for a fire emergency? Here are some tips to help you prevent fires in your workplace.
How to Prevent Common Fires in Workplaces
Keep Fire Extinguishers Accessible to All
Fire extinguishers can be a life-saving devices in the event of a fire. However, many people do not have them readily accessible in their workplaces. This can put employees at risk if a fire occurs. In fact, every room in a workplace should have a fire extinguisher. By having fire extinguishers readily accessible in workplaces, employees can be confident that they will have the ability to put out a fire should it occur.
School Fire Hazard Safety: Essential preventive measures to minimise risk
Flames, sparks, hot objects, flammable chemicals, and chemical accelerants can increase a fire’s rate of spread. National Fire Protection Association, U.S. fire departments say an average of 4,980 structure fires in educational buildings each year. So it is important to stress fire safety education in schools around the world. Take a look at the following necessary preventive measures to cut the risks of fire hazards in schools and other educational institutions.
Ways to prevent fire hazards in a Schools, Educations Institutions
Smoke detection systems
The first few minutes of a fire are difficult to maintain. Installing automatic fire alarm systems like smoke and heat detectors is mandatory in international building codes. It is useful in spotting fires at times when occupancy in the building is low. Therefore, school authorities should set up fire safety alarms in different places in the schools.
Smoke suppression systems
Fire extinguishers will be useful if they work properly, so it is necessary to check them regularly. In the case of multistories or high-rise educational buildings, where it is hard to access and shift, install automatic sprinkler systems. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), has shown that automatic suppression systems lower the cost of damage by 60%.
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Escape route
Having sufficient escape routes out of the school buildings is mandatory in accordance with its scale and occupancy. School buildings should maintain the Bangladesh National Building Code, a detailed set of guidelines for constructing, maintaining, and operating buildings of all types.
School buildings must ensure that staircases, stairwells, and corridors are well-maintained, ventilated, and free of obstacles in order to be effective in an emergency.
Dispose of waste regularly
Waste is a burnable substance and is often the cause of fires. So make sure storing waste bins and wheelie bins in compounds away from the school building and disposing of them regularly will reduce the risk.
Read Stranger Danger: How to teach children safety rules for unknown, unsafe people
No smoking policy
Ensure the ‘No Smoking’ policy in the school that - staff, parents, visitors, students – everyone must cling to this policy. Make sure that students and others related to schools are educated about the fire risks.
Besides, do not store flammable substances-chemistry or equipment here and there. These substances can cause a fire, therefore keep these gear and elements in safe places. Try to keep these things in a locked place, cabinet, or room when not in use. Moreover, fire-retardant furniture and fixtures can reduce the risk of fire.
Test electrical equipment
Schools need to use electrical equipment in drama classes, school plays, or assemblies. Faulty electrical equipment causes fires. So, it is fundamental to do a PAT test regularly to minimize the risk. We often hear that electrical shock circuit causes fire and they are very dangerous. Make sure to unplug equipment at night, where appropriate.
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Fire doors
Schools building must observe proper rules and systems in the case of maintaining and installing fire doors. The school authority must check all doors regularly to guarantee that hinges and seals are in good working order. So, make sure to keep fire doors shut. If the fire doors will not close correctly, they must be attended to quickly, as they are no longer effective.
Fire safety training
It is imperative to train all staff and students of the educational institute about the ins and outs of fire safety. They should know the probable causes of fire. Besides, they must know what to do in event of a fire, and so on.
Moreover, carry out regular fire drills to prevent panic in an emergency. Regular fire drills make students and staff with emergency evacuation methods at little cost. So, it is essential to nominate a fire safety officer in every school building to ensure that this becomes standard operating procedure. When everyone is aware of fire safety, this will reduce the risk of fire as well as ensures the safety of everyone in an event of a fire.
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Along with these, every school must complete fire drills regularly. This will be great to identify what precautions are needed to prevent fire risks in your school, and what to do if a fire does break out.
Accessible to firefighters
Schools building should have enough space or stand just beside the road so that there is enough space to access firefighters easily. When the fire is broke out, it does not take time to spread. If firefighters cannot access it easily, it would be too late to keep the situation under control.
Collaboration
Any work becomes easy and simple if there is collaboration. As students stay huge time with parents, they can play an important role to teach fire safety rules to their children. So, school authorities can encourage parents to practice home fire drills with their children and prepare them in the event of a fire.
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Necessary steps if fire hazards occur in a school
- Make students aware of immediate danger.
- Sound the alarm.
- Perform any fire drill duties that are previously assigned to you.
- Make sure to Fight the fire with the proper equipment if you don’t want to put yourself or anyone else in danger. But do not fight the fire when it is spreading rapidly or blocking your exit. However, leave the building as soon as possible if you do not know how to use the fire equipment.
- Close room doors and hallway doors immediately to prevent air movement and the spread of smoke.
- Don’t panic. Assure students that the fire plan is going on and remain calm. Make sure you are confident enough as your confidence and judgment are really important and will prevent panic.
- Remember that you need to take school fire drills seriously always. Besides, shift the school when the alarm sounds.
- Continue fire drills on a regular basis. Take the initial fire drill for the school year from early September to October.
- Make sure school employees know how to turn out their work areas and perform their fire drill duties safely.
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Bottom Line
We never expect fire anywhere in our existence whether in residence or school. So, by taking proper and perfect steps the authorities can minimize fire hazards in schools and other educational institutes. Our above-mentioned tips will help the students stay aware of fire risks and help the school authorities to take appropriate steps to reduce fire hazards in school.
Card stuck in ATM Booth? Know what to do? How to avoid it?
Automated teller machines or ATM booths have become a hassle-free means of financial transactions. However, application of this progressive service may create trouble for some users. The most common problem is the card getting stuck in the ATM booth. The customers fall into a dilemma when the card does not come out of the ATM machine. Especially on holidays, there is no limit to their suffering. So everyone has to be careful about the common reasons behind a card getting stuck in an ATM Booth. We will also discuss the essential steps to .
Why do cards sometimes get stuck in ATM booths?
The wrong PIN number entry three times in a row
When customers are in a hurry or careless, they often rush to withdraw money and forget the PIN number of the card. In such situations, they tend to press the wrong button inadvertently and eventually enter the wrong PIN number. It is now common for any electronic device that if the wrong password or PIN number is entered three times in a row, then the system freezes the process. In the case of ATM Booths, the card may get stuck.
Mechanical error
This issue usually is out of everyone's control. When it comes to any machine, there will certainly be mechanical defects. The network may be disconnected due to a power outage at the ATM machine while using the card. And then the information given by the customer may not work properly. As a result, the card remains inside the machine.
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Using expired cards
If the expired card is repeatedly inserted into the ATM, the ATM will block the card. There are some MasterCards that require customers to call Customer Care to extend their term. For example, in the case of different types of gift cards, many people forget that the short term of their card has already expired. In the case of such cards, customers often face issues while getting the card out of the machine.
ATM server problem
Server complications are a common cause of ATM cards being stuck. It even hampers withdrawing money directly from the bank. If the server speed is lower than normal, the card can get stuck in the ATM machine.
Using externally damaged cards
The ATM card is basically a rectangular thin piece of plastic or metal. For a variety of reasons, the card may get cracked or broken slightly at any edge. Using a broken card may lead it to get stuck in the machine.
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Using unsupported cards
Most ATM machines support Master and Visa cards. Apart from these, other cards can’t be used in ATMs even if they belong to the respective banks. The use of such cards can also cause trouble.
What to Do If Card Stuck in ATM Booth
Here are some needful things to do instantly when the card gets stuck in the ATM booth.
Cancel transaction and wait for a while
First, the customer has to press the cancel button to revoke the transaction. Then he/she has to wait a while and give time for the whole activity to be completed. When the server is down, even small functions run slowly. In this situation, the card owner should wait for a while rather than coming out of the booth immediately. Because the card may come out after that extra time.
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Taking detailed note about the incident
In this extreme situation, the customer needs to write down the details of the problem. Everything should be noted down including the bank name, card number, expiration date, and the number associated with any account. The card owner needs to be precise about the time of the event, and how the card was used up to the moment before it got stuck inside the machine.
Informing booth officers, customer care
When your card gets stuck inside the ATM Booth, the officer in charge of the booth should be informed. In most cases, the officer can help with proper guidance. If there is no officer then the customer has to inform the guard.
Now the customer needs to contact the customer care of the bank and report the whole incident. In particular, the card owner must tell them to stop all the transactions. They will provide all possible guidance to resolve the issue.
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Contacting bank’s nearest branch
If communication with the bank's customer care is not possible, the only way is to go to the nearest branch of the bank. If the booth (where the card got stuck) and the card belong to the same bank then the card can be returned quickly. But if the booth belongs to another bank, the chances of getting the card back in a short time are very low.
In this case, the only way is to apply for a new card. It can take up to 7 to 15 days based on the Bank to get a new card. The application must be accompanied by the National Identity Card, any utility bill of current address, and two passport size photographs.
In a Nutshell
Card-based banking services have been introduced mainly for the convenience of the customers. The card holders need to be proactive and smart in card management in order to avoid such situations. So in order to adapt to the current trend, every cardholder should be a bit tech-savvy.
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If our recommended steps are taken, the risks of cards getting stuck in ATM Booths can be minimised. However, if your card still gets swallowed by the ATM Booth, don’t panic! Follow the above mentioned steps with a relaxed mind and your card will be recovered systematically.